Shared Fuel Cell Architecture for Transport Refrigeration Power

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing transport refrigeration systems require distinct power sources for the vehicle and refrigeration unit, increasing system size and complexity due to the use of separate power sources like diesel engines or onboard fuel cells.

Innovation Solution

A transport refrigeration system with a shared power system architecture, where a single fuel source is used for both the refrigeration unit and the tractor, and includes power electronics devices to manage power distribution between the refrigeration unit and the tractor's subsystems, allowing for a single fuel source to power both units and enabling the refrigeration unit to operate independently of the tractor.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If distinct power sources are used for the vehicle and refrigeration unit, then each unit can operate independently, but the system size and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveindependent operation capabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a shared power system where a single power source (fuel cell or battery) serves dual purposes: powering both the vehicle propulsion system and the refrigeration unit. This multi-functional approach eliminates the need for separate power sources while maintaining the ability of the refrigeration unit to operate independently when needed, through selective power distribution control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If distinct power sources are used for the vehicle and refrigeration unit, then each unit has dedicated power supply, but the system size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply reliabilityVSAvoidsystem volume
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the power supply systems by using a single shared power source that can supply power to both the vehicle and refrigeration unit. This consolidation reduces the total volume occupied by power sources and associated components while maintaining reliable power supply to both systems through intelligent power management and distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Power

If separate power sources like diesel engines are used, then the refrigeration unit has sufficient power, but the system cost and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower outputVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical power sources (diesel engines) with alternative power systems such as fuel cells or battery systems. This substitution provides sufficient power output for both vehicle and refrigeration operations while reducing mechanical complexity, moving towards electrical power systems that can be more efficiently managed and distributed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Device complexity

If a shared power system is used, then system size and complexity are reduced, but power management complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem complexityVSAvoidpower management automation
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSExtent of automation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback control mechanisms in the power management system that continuously monitor power demands from both the vehicle and refrigeration unit, as well as the state of charge or fuel level of the shared power source. This feedback enables automatic power distribution decisions, optimizing power allocation in real-time and reducing the perceived complexity for operators while maintaining efficient system operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach simplifies the system architecture, reduces size and cost, and allows the refrigeration unit to function when disconnected from the tractor, utilizing a single fuel source and power electronics to manage power efficiently between the refrigeration unit and the tractor's subsystems.

Implementation Method 1

a fuel cell located on board the transport refrigeration system

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFuel cell: Fuel Cell

Data Source

PatentEP4309928A1Fuel cell architecture for transport refrigeration unit
Publication Date: 2024.01.24 CARRIER CORP
  • EP4309928A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4309928A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4309928A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A transport refrigeration system including a tractor, a container connected to the tractor, a refrigeration unit (30) for conditioning a compartment of the container, a first power source (70) associated with the container and operably coupled to the refrigeration unit (30), and a second power source (82) associated with the tractor wherein one or more components are shared between the first power source (70) and the second power source (82).