Shared Inverter Motor Charging Circuit With Bidirectional Power Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current motor driving apparatuses for electric vehicles have a high number of electronic components due to separate driving and charging circuits, which increases size and reduces energy efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A motor driving apparatus that shares a driving circuit and a charging circuit, utilizing multiple inverters and switches to enable power transmission between a power storage device and an external AC or DC power supply, reducing the number of components needed for both driving and charging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If separate driving and charging circuits are used, then the motor can be driven and charged independently, but the number of electronic components increases and system size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter is designed to perform both motor driving and charging functions by switching its connection configuration. The same inverter circuitry is used for both purposes, eliminating the need for separate dedicated circuits. The controller switches between driving mode (connecting inverter to motor) and charging mode (connecting inverter to power storage device and external power supply), allowing one component to fulfill multiple roles.
2Reliability
If separate driving and charging circuits are used, then each circuit can be optimized for its specific function, but the system size and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the driving circuit and charging circuit into a single inverter unit. The inverter combines power conversion components (switches, diodes, capacitors) and control logic that can operate in both motor driving mode and charging mode. This consolidation reduces the total weight by eliminating redundant components that would exist if separate circuits were used for each function.
3Device complexity
If a single inverter is used for both driving and charging, then the number of components is reduced, but the capacity requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter's connection configuration is dynamically switched between driving mode and charging mode based on operational requirements. The controller adjusts the switching elements to connect the inverter to either the motor (driving mode) or the power storage device and external power supply (charging mode). This dynamic reconfiguration allows the same inverter capacity to serve both functions efficiently without requiring oversizing for simultaneous operation of both circuits.
4Ease of manufacture
If multiple dedicated circuits are used, then each circuit can be simplified in design, but the overall system becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter is designed as a universal power conversion unit that can operate in both motor driving and charging functions. The controller implements mode switching logic that manages the inverter's operation in driving mode (converting DC to AC for motor) or charging mode (converting AC to DC for power storage device). This multi-functional design reduces system complexity by consolidating control logic and hardware into a single integrated unit rather than managing separate dedicated circuits.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces the number of electronic components, halves the capacity requirements compared to using a single inverter, and optimizes the driving circuit for charging while enabling bidirectional power transmission, thereby enhancing energy efficiency and reducing system size.
Implementation Method 1
a first inverter (10) including a DC terminal (11) and an AC terminal (12) and configured to supply power from the power storage device (3) to the first winding connection portion (5a)
Implementation Method 2
a transformer (53) connected to the AC terminal of the third inverter
Data Source
AI summary
A motor driving apparatus includes: a power storage device; a motor; a first inverter; a second inverter; an external AC terminal; a third inverter including a DC terminal and an AC terminal; a transformer connected to the AC terminal of the third inverter; a first switch capable of switching the AC terminal of the first inverter to a state of being connected to either the first winding connection portion or the external AC terminal; a second switch capable of switching the AC terminal of the second inverter to a state of being connected to either the second winding connection portion or the transformer; and a third switch capable of switching the power storage device to a state of being connected to either the DC terminal of the first inverter and the DC terminal of the second inverter or the DC terminal of the third inverter.