Shared-Radiator Antenna Structure for Compact MIMO Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge of implementing a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system in compact electronic devices is exacerbated by limited space and mutual coupling between antennas, which reduces radiation performance.
Innovation Solution
A dual-antenna structure is designed with a shared radiator and asymmetrical feed points, allowing for reduced space occupation and improved isolation between antennas, enabling operation in both 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and 5G frequency bands.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a MIMO system is implemented with multiple antennas, then channel capacity and coverage area are improved, but mutual coupling occurs due to small antenna spacing which reduces radiation performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines two antenna functions into a single radiator structure. The first and second feed units are both connected to the same first radiator, allowing the antenna to function as a MIMO system while avoiding mutual coupling between separate antennas. This merging approach maintains channel capacity while eliminating the harmful coupling effect.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the single radiator into multiple functional regions by using different feed points. The first feed point is positioned in a central region while the second feed point is positioned between the central region and the end, creating distinct radiation patterns and frequency responses from the same physical structure.
2Productivity
If multiple antennas are used for MIMO system, then channel capacity increases, but space occupied by antenna structure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antenna functions into a single radiator, eliminating the need for separate antenna structures. By connecting both feed units to the same first radiator, the design achieves MIMO functionality while occupying minimal space, directly resolving the contradiction between channel capacity and space occupation.
3Area of stationary object
If antenna spacing is reduced to save space, then device compactness is improved, but mutual coupling increases which reduces radiation performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the antenna spacing issue entirely by merging the antenna functions into a single radiator. Since both feed units connect to the same radiator rather than requiring separate antenna elements, there is no spacing between antennas to cause mutual coupling, thus maintaining radiation performance while achieving compactness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different local qualities to different regions of the single radiator by positioning feed points at specific locations. The first feed point in the central region and the second feed point between the central region and end create distinct current distributions and radiation characteristics in different parts of the radiator, optimizing performance for each function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dual-antenna structure achieves good isolation and flexibility, supporting MIMO systems by sharing a radiator, reducing size, and maintaining effective performance in multiple frequency bands.
Implementation Method 1
The first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to a first resonance generated by the antenna structure when the first feed unit is feeding... The second wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to a second resonance generated by the antenna structure when the first feed unit is feeding
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2(a)~2(b)
Figure 3(a)~3(b)
AI summary
Embodiments of this application provides an electronic device, including an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes a first radiator, a first feed unit, and a second feed unit. The first radiator includes a first feed point and a second feed point. The first feed unit feeds the antenna structure at the first feed point, and the second feed unit feeds the antenna structure at the second feed point. The first feed point is disposed in a central region. The second feed point is disposed between the central region and an end of the first radiator. The antenna structure provided in this application is a dual-antenna structure. Space occupied by the dual-antenna structure can be reduced by sharing a same radiator, and isolation between dual antennas is good.