Shielding Gas Screen Torch for Laminar Weld Gas Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
High flow rates of shielding gas in gas-shielded arc welding and metal additive manufacturing lead to turbulence, porosity, and increased gas consumption, disrupting the weld pool and increasing operational costs.
Innovation Solution
A welding torch with a shielding gas lens featuring annular screens that promote a laminar flow of shielding gas, reducing turbulence and allowing lower gas flow rates while maintaining effective protection of the weld zone.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a high flow rate of shielding gas is used, then the amount of shielding gas discharged during welding is increased, but turbulence occurs and the weld pool is disrupted leading to porosity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a gas lens with a porous structure containing multiple channels that distribute shielding gas in a controlled manner. This porous configuration transforms the gas flow pattern from turbulent to laminar, ensuring stable protection of the weld zone without causing porosity or disruption to the weld pool.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the flow distribution parameters by introducing a gas lens with specifically designed channels. This modifies the velocity profile and flow characteristics of the shielding gas, converting high-velocity turbulent flow into lower-velocity laminar flow that maintains weld quality while providing adequate shielding.
2Reliability
If a high flow rate of shielding gas is used, then the shielding effect is enhanced, but the consumption rate of shielding gas increases raising operational costs
Solution Approach 1:
The gas lens utilizes a porous structure with multiple channels to distribute shielding gas efficiently. This configuration maintains effective shielding coverage while reducing the overall gas consumption by optimizing flow distribution and eliminating excessive gas discharge associated with turbulent flow patterns.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes gas flow parameters through the lens design, achieving effective shielding at lower flow rates. The controlled laminar flow pattern maintains protective coverage without the excessive consumption associated with high-velocity turbulent flow, thereby reducing operational costs.
3Reliability
If a high flow rate of shielding gas is used, then the shielding coverage is improved, but turbulence introduces more reactive gases from the atmosphere into the gas column
Solution Approach 1:
The gas lens with its porous channel structure creates a stable laminar flow that forms a consistent protective barrier. This laminar flow pattern prevents atmospheric contamination by maintaining a stable gas column that resists mixing with surrounding air, unlike turbulent flow which draws reactive gases into the shielding zone.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies flow parameters to achieve laminar flow conditions that maintain a stable shielding gas column. This stable flow pattern prevents the incorporation of atmospheric contaminants that occur with turbulent flow, ensuring pure shielding coverage without introducing harmful reactive gases.
4Quantity of substance
If a more laminar flow of shielding gas is achieved, then lower gas flow rates can be used, but additional flow control mechanisms are required
Solution Approach 1:
The gas lens employs a porous structure with integrated channels that inherently control flow distribution. This design achieves laminar flow without requiring complex external flow control mechanisms, as the porous structure itself provides the necessary flow regulation through its geometric configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The gas lens serves multiple functions simultaneously: it distributes shielding gas, controls flow patterns, and maintains laminar flow characteristics. This multi-functional component achieves flow control without adding separate dedicated flow control devices, thereby limiting the increase in overall system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The laminar flow stabilizes the welding arc, reduces porosity, and conserves shielding gas, enabling longer electrical stickout and lower operational costs.
Implementation Method 1
A high flow rate of shielding gas can also lead to porosity in the completed weld due to turbulence and the gas flow disrupting the weld pool... A more laminar flow of shielding gas during the welding operation, rather than a turbulent flow, would be desirable
Data Source
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AI summary
The present application relates to a welding or metal additive manufacturing torch includes a nozzle (206) and a shielding gas diffuser (208) located within the nozzle (206). The shielding gas diffuser (208) has a plurality of shielding gas discharge holes spaced annularly around the shielding gas diffuser (208). A contact tip (210) extends from the shielding gas diffuser (208) distal of the shielding gas discharge holes. An annular screen (211) extends radially between the nozzle (206) and one or both of the contact tip (210) and the shielding gas diffuser (208) and is located distal of the shielding gas discharge holes. The annular screen (211) is electrically insulated from at least one of the shielding gas diffuser (208)and the nozzle (206).