Ship Battery Pack Fire Extinguishing Device Using Seawater Submersion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional fire extinguishing methods for battery fires in electric propulsion ships are ineffective, leading to incomplete extinguishment and safety risks due to limited fire suppression capacity and inability to handle thermal runaway in lithium-ion battery packs.
Innovation Solution
A ship battery pack fire extinguishing device that isolates the battery pack and uses seawater to submerge the battery storage unit, employing a fusible plug and thermal imaging for detection, and a seawater supply system to rapidly extinguish fires and prevent explosions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional fire extinguishing methods (powder, carbon dioxide, direct water spraying) are used on battery fires, then oxygen is blocked or fire site is targeted, but the fire cannot be completely extinguished due to limited suppression capacity and inability to handle thermal runaway
Solution Approach 1:
The battery room is divided into multiple battery storage units, each capable of independent fire suppression. When fire occurs in one unit, only that unit is flooded with seawater, isolating the fire from other battery packs and preventing thermal runaway propagation while maintaining effective fire extinguishment in the affected area.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery storage unit is extracted as a separate, isolatable component from the battery room. The unit can be individually flooded with seawater through dedicated inlet and outlet lines, removing the fire hazard from the main battery room environment and preventing widespread damage.
2Reliability
If a battery storage unit with seawater flooding capability is implemented, then complete fire extinguishment and explosion prevention are achieved, but the device complexity increases due to additional components (seawater supply line, overflow discharge line, fusible plug, detection systems)
Solution Approach 1:
The battery storage unit incorporates a fusible plug that automatically melts when exposed to high temperatures from battery fire, triggering the seawater supply system to activate without external intervention. The unit self-activates the fire suppression function, reducing the need for complex external control systems while maintaining high reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses hydraulic principles with seawater supply lines and overflow discharge lines to automatically flood the battery storage unit. The fusible plug mechanism utilizes thermal-mechanical properties to trigger valve opening, allowing seawater to flow in and extinguish the fire through pressure-driven fluid dynamics, simplifying the control architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures complete fire extinguishment and prevents ship damage by quickly identifying and responding to battery pack fires, ensuring passenger safety and economic efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a fusible plug (210) attachably disposed inside the battery storage unit (110), having a portion to be melted to lose a pressure inside a detection line (250) when a temperature of the battery storage unit (110) is greater than or equal to a threshold
Implementation Method 2
a fire extinguishing unit (300) that is provided close to the battery room (100) outside the battery room (100) and configured to extinguish a fire by supplying seawater when the fire detection unit (200) detects the fire
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a device for extinguishing a fire in a battery pack for a ship, the device including a battery room in which a plurality of battery packs are stored and which is provided with a battery storage unit, a fire detection unit that is provided with a fusible plug attachably disposed inside the battery room, detects an abnormal temperature inside the battery room, and transmits information, and a fire extinguishing unit that is provided close to the battery room outside the battery room and extinguishes a fire by supplying seawater when a fire detection line detects the fire.