Shock Absorber Damping Adjustment via Segmented Flow Paths

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing pressurized shock absorbers with positive pressure build-up face challenges in adjusting damping characteristics for small and large pressure differentials, and in generating rapid force build-up, especially with small pressure differentials, leading to complex and costly valve designs and potential cavitation issues.

Innovation Solution

The solution involves a shock absorber with separate ducts and adjusting elements that allow for independent adjustment of damping characteristics based on pressure differentials, using a leakage flow duct for small pressures and high-speed ducts for large pressures, with check valves controlled by spring forces to manage flow and prevent cavitation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single valve design is used to handle both small and large pressure differentials, then the device complexity is reduced, but the ability to separately adjust damping characteristics for different pressure conditions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevalve design complexityVSAvoidseparate adjustment capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the valve system into two separate ducts: a first duct for handling small pressure differentials and a second duct for handling large pressure differentials. Each duct has its own adjusting elements, allowing independent adjustment of damping characteristics for different operating conditions without increasing overall system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a check valve as an intermediary element that automatically directs flow between the first and second ducts based on pressure differential conditions. This mediator enables the system to switch between different damping adjustment modes without requiring complex control mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional shock absorber design is used, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but cavitation occurs and force build-up is slow

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoidcavitation resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a positive pressure build-up system that pre-pressurizes the damping medium in the common volume before high-pressure conditions occur. This preliminary pressurization prevents cavitation from occurring in the first place, eliminating the need for expensive anti-cavitation materials or designs while maintaining reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If damping medium flow is restricted to prevent cavitation, then reliability is improved, but the capacity to allow sufficiently large damping medium flow deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecavitation preventionVSAvoiddamping medium flow capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the flow paths into two separate ducts with different flow capacities. The first duct is optimized for small pressure differentials with lower flow capacity to prevent cavitation, while the second duct is optimized for large pressure differentials with higher flow capacity to maintain productivity during high-demand conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically switches between the first and second ducts based on operating conditions. The check valve automatically directs flow through the appropriate duct, allowing the system to adapt its flow capacity to match the actual pressure differential and maintain both reliability and productivity across varying conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for separate and efficient adjustment of damping characteristics for small and large pressure differentials, ensuring rapid force build-up even with small pressure differentials, while minimizing cavitation and maintaining optimal damping performance at high speeds.

Implementation Method 1

a spring arranged in the common volume and pressing the check valve onto the seat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpring force: Spring

Implementation Method 2

a check valve, which opens as soon as the pressure in the common volume exceeds the pressure in the chamber having the lowest pressure at that particular instant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 3

A pressurized shock absorber with positive pressure build-up always has a pressure greater than zero on both sides of the piston arranged in the damping cylinder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPositive pressure build-up: Pressurisation

Data Source

PatentEP2126403B1Method for adjusting damping characteristics in a shock absorber
Publication Date: 2013.05.22 OHLINS RACING AB
  • EP2126403B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2126403B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The invention relates to a method in a shock absorber (1) of separating the adjustment of the damping characteristics for small or large pressure differentials over the main piston (7). Arranged in the shock absorber is a damping medium-filled damping cylinder, divided into two damping chambers (8, 9) by a main piston (7) fixed to a piston rod (8). At least one duct (38a, 38b) is arranged in the main piston (7) or in the piston rod (8) in order to allow a certain damping medium flow between the damping chambers (8, 9). Also connected to the shock absorber (1) is a pressurized member (23), arranged in a pressurization reservoir (22). The pressurized member (23) pressurizes a volume (22a), common to both of the damping chambers (8, 9), to a certain basic pressure, which varies between 5 and 30 bar. This common volume (22a) is connected by separate flow ducts (27, 27') to the respective damping chambers (8, 9). Two separate adjusting elements (17, 17') are arranged between the common volume (22a) and the respective damping chambers (8, 9). These comprise one or more damping force- generating one-way valve (s) (18, 20) of a type known in the art and a check valve (19, 21). The check valve (19, 21) is subjected to and kept in a closed position by a force (Fs). With small pressure differentials over the main piston (7), the damping medium is prevented from flowing between the damping chambers (8, 9) via the adjusting elements (17, 17') but is forced to flow through the duct (38b) in or on the main piston.