Shoe Sole Elongate Elements Dynamic Rigidity Toe-Off Leverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Athletic shoes do not assist or improve the natural gait of the foot, leading to repeated stress on the plantar fascia and common orthopaedic issues like plantar fasciitis due to inefficient foot function during walking and running.
Innovation Solution
A shoe sole with elongate elements that increase in rigidity under tension, oriented longitudinally, providing support to the medial arch and acting as an additional propulsive element by resisting longitudinal extension, mimicking the natural windlass effect of the plantar fascia to enhance leverage during the toe-off stage while allowing flexibility during other gait stages.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the sole is made flexible to allow natural foot motion during contact and midstance stages, then comfort and adaptability are improved, but propulsive leverage during toe-off stage is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The elongate element is designed to dynamically change its mechanical properties based on loading conditions. During contact and midstance stages, the element remains flexible to allow natural foot motion. During toe-off stage, when longitudinal tension increases, the element tautens and becomes substantially rigid to provide propulsive leverage. This dynamic transition resolves the contradiction between flexibility and strength requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The elongate element undergoes parameter changes in rigidity and tension state based on the gait cycle phase. The element transitions from a flexible state during initial contact and midstance to a rigid state during toe-off. This parameter change is triggered by the increase in longitudinal tension on the sole, allowing the element to provide support when needed while maintaining flexibility when not needed.
2Strength
If the sole is made rigid to provide support during weight bearing, then arch support is improved, but natural flexibility and adaptability are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Rather than being statically rigid or flexible, the elongate element dynamically adjusts its mechanical properties throughout the gait cycle. The element provides rigid arch support during weight-bearing phases when tension is applied, while allowing flexibility during non-weight-bearing or low-tension phases. This dynamic behavior resolves the contradiction between providing support and maintaining adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The elongate element automatically adjusts its rigidity based on the applied load without external control. When longitudinal tension increases during weight bearing, the element self-activates to become rigid and provide arch support. When tension decreases, it returns to a flexible state. This self-regulating mechanism eliminates the need for active control systems while providing both support and flexibility as needed.
3Power
If elongate elements are added to provide propulsive assistance, then toe-off leverage is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The elongate element is implemented as a thin, flexible component that can be easily integrated into the sole structure. Rather than adding complex mechanical systems, the invention uses a simple elongate element that passively responds to loading conditions. This approach provides propulsive assistance while minimizing increases in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The elongate element functions autonomously without requiring external power sources, control systems, or complex actuation mechanisms. The element automatically tautens and provides propulsive leverage in response to the natural increase in longitudinal tension during toe-off. This self-service mechanism adds minimal complexity while delivering the desired power enhancement.
4Force
If the elongate element resists longitudinal extension to provide leverage, then propulsive force is improved, but stress on plantar fascia increases
Solution Approach 1:
The elongate element acts as an intermediary between the sole and the plantar fascia. Instead of allowing excessive tension to directly stress the plantar fascia, the elongate element intercepts and manages the longitudinal tension. The element provides controlled resistance that assists propulsion while preventing excessive stress transmission to the plantar fascia, thereby protecting the tissue from harmful forces.
Solution Approach 2:
The elongate element provides preventive protection to the plantar fascia by managing tension before it can cause harmful stress. During the toe-off phase, the element tautens and absorbs excess longitudinal tension, cushioning the plantar fascia from high stress loads. This beforehand cushioning effect reduces the risk of plantar fasciitis while maintaining propulsive force.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides improved propulsive assistance and support to the foot, reducing the risk of plantar fasciitis by varying resistance based on pressure, enhancing the natural gait and reducing stress on the plantar fascia.
Implementation Method 1
As the weight is transferred, a tension stress is applied to the plantar fascia so that the tissue is pulled tight along the bottom of the foot. Due to the limited elasticity of the plantar fascia, the plantar fascia stretches in a bowstring-like fashion to its elastic limit, becoming taut. This 'windlass' effect raises the arch of the foot and turns the midfoot into a rigid lever
Implementation Method 2
The elongate element is adapted to provide resistance to longitudinal extension of the sole wherein the resistance is maximised substantially towards the anterior of the sole
Data Source
AI summary
A sole adapted to provide improved leverage during the toe-off stage of gait comprises elongate elements (2a-e) along the horizontal surface of the sole. The elongate elements (2a-e) are adapted to tauten in response to longitudinal forces on the sole, increasing the rigidity of the midsection of the sole and providing effective propulsive assistance to the athlete.


