Short-Circuit Detection Circuit Using Current-Voltage Difference
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power supply devices struggle to quickly and accurately determine short circuits, particularly in emergency situations.
Innovation Solution
A short-circuit determination circuit comprising a current detection unit, voltage detection unit, and short-circuit determination unit that determines a short circuit based on the difference between detected current and voltage values, using differential amplification to provide accurate and rapid detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If voltage change over time methods are used for short-circuit detection, then the detection method is simple, but the detection time is prolonged and accuracy is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the detection parameter from voltage change over time to the difference between current and voltage at the same instant. This parameter transformation enables immediate short-circuit detection by comparing I(t) and V(t) directly, eliminating the time delay inherent in derivative-based voltage detection methods while maintaining detection simplicity.
2Measurement precision
If noise filters are added to improve detection accuracy, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the noise filter component from the detection circuit. By using the instantaneous difference between current and voltage (I(t) - V(t)) as the detection basis, the system achieves noise-resistant short-circuit detection without requiring additional filtering hardware, thus maintaining high accuracy while reducing circuit complexity.
3Device complexity
If conventional voltage monitoring methods are used, then the detection system is simple, but the ability to quickly determine short circuits is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the detection parameter from voltage-only monitoring to the combined parameter of current-voltage difference (I(t) - V(t)). This parameter change provides a more reliable short-circuit determination criterion because it directly reflects the abnormal state where current spikes while voltage drops, enabling both simple system architecture and high determination reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise short-circuit detection without the need for noise filters, reducing the time to determine a short circuit compared to methods relying on voltage changes over time, and effectively interrupts the power supply to prevent further damage.
Implementation Method 1
a current detection unit that detects current flowing in a power circuit
Implementation Method 2
a voltage detection unit that detects voltage applied to the power circuit
Data Source
AI summary
A short-circuit determination circuit includes a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, and a short-circuit determination unit. The current detection unit detects the current flowing in a power circuit. The voltage detection unit detects the voltage applied to the power circuit. The short-circuit determination unit determines a short circuit in the power circuit on the basis of the difference between a detection value of the current detected by the current detection unit and a detection value of the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit.