Short-Circuit Element for Bypassing Abnormal Battery Cells
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery management systems in hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles with lithium ion secondary batteries face challenges in efficiently bypassing abnormal cells, leading to complete disruption of the charging/discharging path when a single cell anomaly occurs, and require improved resistance values for effective bypassing of LED elements.
Innovation Solution
A short-circuit element comprising a heat-generating resistor, meltable conductors, and electrodes on an insulating substrate, which forms a bypass path by melting and gathering on electrodes to short-circuit abnormal cells, and a compensation circuit with a fuse, switch, and protective resistor to create a bypass current path in abnormal situations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a protective element with a fuse is used to interrupt current path in abnormal situations, then safety is improved, but the entire charging/discharging path is interrupted when an abnormality occurs in a battery cell
Solution Approach 1:
The protective element is divided into multiple independent fuse elements (first fuse element and second fuse element) that can operate independently. When an abnormality occurs in one battery cell, only the corresponding fuse element interrupts the current path for that specific cell, while other cells can continue to charge/discharge through their respective fuse elements, thus maintaining overall system productivity while ensuring safety.
2Reliability
If a meltable conductor is blown by self-heating due to overcurrent, then current interruption is achieved, but the resistance value is too high to efficiently bypass LED elements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the resistance parameter of the meltable conductor to a low resistance value that is suitable for bypassing LED elements. This allows the meltable conductor to serve dual functions: effectively interrupting overcurrent through self-heating while simultaneously providing a low-resistance bypass path for normal LED operation, thereby eliminating the harmful high resistance effect.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively forms a bypass current path to isolate abnormal cells, maintaining power supply and reducing resistance values for efficient LED element bypassing, thereby ensuring safe and reliable operation of battery systems.
Implementation Method 1
a heat-generating resistor arranged on the insulating substrate; a first meltable conductor arranged between the first and third electrodes to constitute a current path capable of being blown by a heat generated by the heat-generating resistor
Implementation Method 2
the first meltable conductor is melted by the heat from the heat-generating resistor and gathers on the first and second electrodes to short-circuit the first and second electrodes
Data Source
AI summary
A bypass avoiding only abnormal cells or abnormal electronic components in an electronic appliance having a plurality of battery cells or electronic components is formed to decrease resistance while keeping functionality. An insulating substrate 2; a heat-generating resistor 3 arranged on the insulating substrate 2; a first and a second electrodes 4, 5 arranged adjacently to each other on the insulating substrate 2; a third electrode 6 arranged adjacently to the first electrode 4 and electrically connected to the heat-generating resistor; and a first meltable conductor 8 arranged between the first and third electrodes 4, 6 to constitute a current path capable of being blown by a heat generated by the heat-generating resistor 3 are provided. The first meltable conductor 8 melted by heat from the heat-generating resistor 3 gathers on the first and second electrodes 4, 5 to short-circuit them.