Shorting Block for Non-Invasive PCB Testing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Testing printed circuit boards (PCBs) is challenging, especially when devices are connected, as it can damage the PCBs to disconnect them for testing, and existing methods struggle to accurately measure electrical characteristics without causing harm.
Innovation Solution
A shorting block with a conductive layer attached to its surface, made of a softer metal than the block itself, is used to create a mechanical and electrical connection between PCB contacts, allowing for the creation of a short circuit and enabling non-invasive testing by forcing current and measuring voltage, resistance, and capacitance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If devices are connected to the PCB during testing, then the PCB can be tested in its operational state, but the testing process may damage the PCB or connected devices
Solution Approach 1:
A shorting block is introduced as an intermediary device between the test instrument and the PCB. This block contains conductive elements that can be positioned to create controlled short circuits between specific PCB contacts, allowing safe testing by providing a protected interface that prevents direct harmful test signals from reaching the PCB
Solution Approach 2:
The test setup is configured in advance by placing the shorting block on the PCB and establishing predetermined short circuit paths between specific contacts before actual testing begins. This preliminary configuration allows the test instrument to be set up with appropriate parameters and protection measures before applying any test signals to the PCB
2Measurement precision
If devices are disconnected from the PCB for testing, then accurate electrical measurements can be obtained, but the PCB must be disassembled and reassembled causing potential damage and loss of time
Solution Approach 1:
The shorting block serves as a mediator that enables accurate electrical measurements to be taken while devices remain connected to the PCB. By creating controlled short circuits between specific contacts, it allows isolation of particular conductive paths for measurement without requiring physical disconnection of devices from the board
3Measurement precision
If disconnected testing is performed on PCBs, then electrical characteristics can be measured, but the process becomes complex and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The shorting block simplifies the testing process by providing a straightforward mechanical device that automatically creates the necessary test configurations. Rather than requiring complex test procedures or specialized equipment, the simple act of placing the block on the PCB establishes predetermined test paths, making the process both simple and accurate
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for safe and accurate testing of PCBs by creating a short circuit between contacts, enabling the measurement of electrical parameters without damaging the PCBs, and identifying defects, thus ensuring reliable PCB quality assessment.
Implementation Method 1
The conductive layer is for creating a short circuit between the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact following connection of the block to the circuit board
Implementation Method 2
The second metal may be softer than the first metal such that the connection of the block to the circuit board causes an imprint of the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact on the conductive layer
Data Source
AI summary
An example apparatus includes a block configured to connect mechanically to a circuit board. The circuit board includes a first conductive path running to a first electrical contact on the circuit board and a second conductive path running to a second electrical contact on the circuit board. The first electrical contact and the second electrical contact are arranged in an area of the circuit board. The block includes a component having a surface that is configured to cover at least part of the area. A conductive layer is attached to at least part of the surface. The conductive layer is for creating a short circuit between the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact following connection of the block to the circuit board.