Shot Packing Method Using Pentagonal Rings and Interstice Filling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cartridge ammunition struggles with achieving high packing density of larger shot while maintaining uniform penetration, as non-spherical shot geometries or mixed spherical shot sizes lead to undesirable over or under penetration.
Innovation Solution
A cartridge ammunition load configuration featuring a shot casing with a combustible propellant charge and wad, where a plurality of first shots form pentagonal rings with a central interstice, and a second shot of a smaller size is placed within these interstices, optimized to achieve a high-density spherical-shot load with uniform shot size distribution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If non-spherical shot geometries are used to improve packing density, then packing density increases, but penetration uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The shot load is segmented into two distinct size categories: larger first shots (e.g., 0.42-0.45 inch diameter) and smaller second shots (e.g., 0.35-0.38 inch diameter). This segmentation allows the larger shots to provide penetration while the smaller shots fill interstices to increase packing density, resolving the contradiction between penetration uniformity and packing density.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the shot load have different shot sizes tailored to their specific functions. The larger first shots are positioned to provide penetration capability, while smaller second shots are placed in interstices to maximize space utilization. This local differentiation of shot quality resolves the contradiction between maintaining uniform penetration and achieving high packing density.
2Quantity of substance
If mixed spherical shot sizes are used to improve packing density, then packing density increases, but penetration uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The shot load is segmented into two distinct size categories: larger first shots (e.g., 0.42-0.45 inch diameter) and smaller second shots (e.g., 0.35-0.38 inch diameter). This segmentation allows the larger shots to provide penetration while the smaller shots fill interstices to increase packing density, resolving the contradiction between penetration uniformity and packing density.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the shot load have different shot sizes tailored to their specific functions. The larger first shots are positioned to provide penetration capability, while smaller second shots are placed in interstices to maximize space utilization. This local differentiation of shot quality resolves the contradiction between maintaining uniform penetration and achieving high packing density.
3Quantity of substance
If small diameter shot is used to increase packing density, then packing density increases, but penetration decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The shot load is segmented into two distinct size categories: larger first shots (e.g., 0.42-0.45 inch diameter) and smaller second shots (e.g., 0.35-0.38 inch diameter). This segmentation allows the larger shots to provide penetration while the smaller shots fill interstices to increase packing density, resolving the contradiction between penetration uniformity and packing density.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges two different shot size regimes into a single load configuration. The larger first shots provide penetration capability, while the smaller second shots fill the interstices between the larger shots. This combining of different shot sizes resolves the contradiction between achieving high packing density and maintaining adequate penetration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances packing density and penetration uniformity, suitable for self-defense and hunting applications, with muzzle velocities ranging from 1100 to 1350 fps, and allows for optimal space-filling efficiency in 10 and 12 gauge shells.
Implementation Method 1
a combustible propellant charge disposed at the first end of the shot casing
Data Source
AI summary
A cartridge ammunition load and/or method. Such a load may comprise a shot casing, a combustible propellant charge, a wad, and a plurality of shot. The shot may include shot of a first size and a second size, wherein the second size is within 80-95% of the first size. The first-size shot may be arranged in a stack of one or more planar rings, and may have the second-size shot disposed in a central interstice of one or more of the rings. Embodiments may include any number of layers of shot of the first and second size, and the second-size shot need not be present between every pair of adjacent layers of first-size shot.