Patient-Specific Surgical Aids for Shoulder Glenoid Placement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current preoperative planning systems for shoulder joint surgeries face challenges in accurately determining the orientation and placement of prosthetic glenoid components, especially in cases with bone loss or deformity, due to limited accuracy and high costs of existing surgical navigation systems, and the need for precise anatomical alignment to ensure proper joint function and minimize dislocation risks.
Innovation Solution
A method of preoperative planning that involves creating a virtual model of the patient's native tissue, specifying the desired device orientation, and fabricating a tangible representation of altered tissue to guide the placement of patient-specific surgical aids, such as a patient-specific placement guide and template, to assist in accurately positioning prosthetic components during surgery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If surgical navigation systems are used to determine device orientation and placement, then positioning accuracy is improved, but system cost and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a physical 3D model (copy) of the patient's native tissue anatomy that can be manipulated and measured outside the body. This physical model replicates the complex anatomical structures, allowing surgeons to plan device placement with high precision using simple physical measurements and visual inspection, eliminating the need for expensive intraoperative navigation systems while maintaining positioning accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs all measurement, modeling, and surgical planning actions before the actual surgery. By creating the 3D physical model and determining optimal device orientation and placement in advance, the complex analytical work is completed preliminarily, allowing the actual surgical procedure to proceed with straightforward execution rather than requiring complex real-time navigation systems
2Measurement precision
If traditional surgical methods are used without preoperative planning, then operative time may be reduced, but positioning accuracy and surgical outcomes worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs comprehensive surgical planning including device selection, orientation determination, and placement optimization before the surgery. All complex decision-making and measurement activities are completed in advance using the physical 3D model, so that during the actual surgery the surgeon simply needs to execute the pre-determined plan, thereby improving positioning accuracy without significantly increasing operative time
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex intraoperative electronic navigation systems with a simple physical 3D model that can be directly manipulated and measured. This mechanical/physical approach substitutes for sophisticated computational systems, allowing accurate measurements and visual verification during surgery without requiring time-consuming complex system setup or operation
3Measurement precision
If intraoperative imaging is performed to verify device placement, then positioning accuracy is improved, but operative time and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent determines the optimal device orientation and placement position before surgery using the physical 3D model. By completing all planning and measurement activities preliminarily, the surgery can proceed with confidence in the pre-determined plan, eliminating or reducing the need for intraoperative imaging verification and associated time delays
Solution Approach 2:
The physical 3D model serves as an accurate external representation of the patient's anatomy that can be manipulated and measured without the patient present. This physical copy allows for verification of device placement accuracy through simple physical measurement and visual inspection, replacing the need for expensive and time-consuming intraoperative imaging systems
Data Source
AI summary
A method of preoperative planning comprises creating a virtual model of a native patient tissue; placing a virtual device into a desired device orientation relative to the virtual model of the native patient tissue; specifying at least one structural change to the native patient tissue to facilitate placement of the virtual device in the desired device orientation; creating a virtual model of an altered patient tissue responsive to the specifying at least one structural change to the native patient tissue; and fabricating a tangible representation of a bone using the virtual model of the altered patient tissue.