Side Insulator Vent Cover for Stable Battery Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing secondary batteries face issues with excessive heat generation and electrolyte decomposition due to overcharging, foreign substance insertion, or external impacts, leading to increased internal pressure and potential ignition or explosion. Current vents may react to temporary pressure changes or be damaged by high-temperature by-products, causing malfunctions.
Innovation Solution
A secondary battery design that includes a case with an electrode assembly, a cap plate with a vent, and a side insulator featuring a vent cover portion with a main chamber, inflow holes, and an exhaust hole. This configuration protects the vent from temporary pressure changes and high-temperature by-products, ensuring proper pressure relief and preventing malfunctions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a vent is provided to discharge excessive internal pressure, then safety is improved by relieving internal heat and pressure, but the vent may react to temporary pressure changes or be damaged by high-temperature by-products, causing malfunctions
Solution Approach 1:
A side insulator is introduced as an intermediary component between the battery case and the vent. The side insulator includes a vent cover portion with a main chamber that receives and filters substances discharged from the battery case before they reach the vent, preventing temporary pressure changes and high-temperature by-products from directly affecting the vent structure
Solution Approach 2:
The vent protection system is segmented into distinct functional zones: the battery case, the side insulator with its main chamber, and the vent. This segmentation allows the side insulator to specifically handle harmful substances before they reach the vent, isolating the vent from direct exposure to harmful factors
2Speed
If the vent is directly exposed to the battery case interior, then pressure relief is immediate and effective, but the vent is vulnerable to damage from high-temperature by-products and temporary pressure changes
Solution Approach 1:
The side insulator acts as a mediator that maintains rapid pressure relief while protecting the vent. The main chamber of the side insulator allows pressure to be quickly discharged from the battery case, while simultaneously filtering and cooling substances before they contact the vent, thus preserving both speed and reliability
3Ease of manufacture
If no protective structure is provided for the vent, then the structure is simple and manufacturing is easier, but the vent cannot be protected from temporary pressure changes and high-temperature by-products
Solution Approach 1:
The side insulator merges multiple functions into a single component: it provides electrical insulation, structural support, and vent protection. The vent cover portion with the main chamber is integrated into the side insulator assembly, creating a compact structure that protects the vent without significantly increasing manufacturing complexity
Data Source
Figure 1A
Figure 1B
Figure 1C
AI summary
A secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a case accommodating an electrode assembly therein, a cap plate including a vent and sealing an opening of the case, and a side insulator disposed on a lower portion of the cap plate. The side insulator includes a vent cover portion including a main chamber and disposed below the vent, and an assembly bracket on which the vent cover portion is disposed.