Silane-Coated ATH Flame-Retardant Adhesive
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Solution Overview
Problem
Moisture-curable compositions with flame retardant properties face challenges such as reduced adhesive properties, storage stability, and mechanical weaknesses, particularly when using conventional aluminum trihydrate (ATH) fillers, which can cause premature reaction and affect tensile strength and elongation at break.
Innovation Solution
A moisture-curable composition incorporating precipitated, surface-coated aluminum trihydrate (ATH) in combination with moisture-reactive polymers and optional phosphorus-containing compounds and carbon additives, optimizing the proportion of these components to enhance flame retardancy and mechanical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional aluminum trihydrate (ATH) fillers are used to achieve flame retardancy, then fire retardant properties are improved, but tensile strength and elongation at break deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces silane-coated ATH particles as an intermediary substance between the flame retardant requirement and the polymer matrix. The silane coating acts as a mediator that prevents direct negative interaction between ATH and the polymer, thereby maintaining mechanical strength while achieving flame retardancy. The silane layer modifies the surface properties of ATH, improving compatibility with the polymer matrix and preventing premature reactions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the surface chemistry parameter of ATH by applying silane coatings. This parameter change transforms the surface properties of ATH particles, making them more compatible with the polymer matrix and preventing the negative effects on mechanical properties. The silane coating modifies how ATH interacts with the polymer, allowing flame retardancy without sacrificing strength.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If ATH fillers with residual moisture are used to improve fire properties, then flame retardancy is enhanced, but storage stability deteriorates due to premature reaction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies silane coatings to ATH particles in advance before incorporating them into the polymer composition. This preliminary action of coating prevents premature reactions by creating a protective barrier on the ATH surface that isolates residual moisture from the polymer matrix during storage. The pre-coating ensures stability is maintained until the composition is actually used.
Solution Approach 2:
The silane coating serves as an intermediary layer between the moisture-containing ATH and the polymer matrix. This intermediary prevents direct contact and premature reaction between residual moisture in ATH and the polymer, thereby maintaining storage stability while preserving the flame retardant properties of ATH.
3Temperature
If silicone-based compositions are used to achieve good thermal stability and fire retardancy, then thermal stability is improved, but adhesion on substrates deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite material system combining polymer matrix with silane-coated ATH fillers. This composite approach allows integration of the thermal stability benefits from the polymer-silane system with the flame retardancy from ATH, while the silane coating ensures good adhesion to substrates. The composite structure achieves multiple properties simultaneously that single materials cannot provide.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the surface parameter of ATH by silane coating, which improves adhesion properties. The silane layer modifies the surface energy and chemical properties of ATH, enabling better bonding to substrates while the bulk ATH provides flame retardancy and the polymer matrix provides thermal stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves excellent flame retardancy, long-term heat resistance, and improved mechanical properties, including tensile strength and elongation at break, while maintaining storage stability, surpassing conventional formulations.
Implementation Method 1
The best-known example is aluminum hydroxide, also known as aluminum trihydrate (ATH). However, due to the customary high content of residual moisture fillers of this type have only limited suitability for one-component, moisture-curable compositions since in some cases they cause the moisture-curable compositions to react fully even in their closed containers
Implementation Method 2
The curing thereof is brought about by crosslinking reactions which proceed under the influence of water via free or latent reactive groups such as for example isocyanate groups or silane groups, wherein these react with themselves or one another by contact with moisture, mainly from air, and thus covalently bond the constructional components present in the composition to afford a polymeric network
Implementation Method 3
on account of reduced toxicity and environmental concerns, increasingly phosphorus-containing substances which form an intumescent interlayer under the action of flames
Data Source
AI summary
A moisture-curable composition having flame retardant properties and to the use thereof as an adhesive, sealant or coating. The composition according to the invention contains at least one moisture-reactive polymer in a proportion of 10% to 50% by weight, at least one precipitated, surface-coated aluminum trihydrate in a proportion of 30% to 60% by weight and in preferred embodiments up to 25% by weight of at least one phosphorus-containing compound and up to 20% by weight of at least one carbon additive. The inventive moisture-curable composition has excellent flame retardant properties and after curing remains resistant for a long time at high heat levels.