Silane and Cyclic Compound Electrolyte for High-Temperature Battery Storage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Nonaqueous electrolyte batteries face challenges in achieving a balance between high-temperature storage characteristics and reducing gas generation during high-temperature storage, as existing electrolytic solutions do not adequately address these issues under severe conditions.
Innovation Solution
An electrolytic solution for nonaqueous electrolyte batteries comprising a silane compound, a cyclic sulfonic acid compound, and a cyclic sulfuric ester compound, which together form a coating film on electrodes to prevent solvent decomposition and gas generation, improving high-temperature storage characteristics and reducing gas evolution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If a nonaqueous electrolytic solution is used in lithium secondary batteries, then high initial capacity and energy density are achieved, but solvent reduction and decomposition occur on the negative electrode surface during charging, generating decomposition products and gas that inhibit electrochemical reactions and deteriorate cycle characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-forming a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on the negative electrode surface using specific additives (cyclic carboxonate, cyclic carbodithioate, or cyclic carbodisulfonate compounds) before the battery enters service. This preliminary SEI film formation prevents subsequent solvent decomposition and gas generation during charging cycles, thereby improving cycle characteristics while maintaining high energy density
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses cyclic carboxonate, cyclic carbodithioate, or cyclic carbodisulfonate compounds as intermediary substances that mediate between the nonaqueous solvent and the negative electrode. These intermediary additives preferentially react to form protective coating films that prevent direct contact between the solvent and electrode, suppressing decomposition reactions and gas evolution while allowing lithium ion transport
2Quantity of substance
If lithium metal or metal compounds (silicon, tin) are used as negative electrode materials to achieve high initial capacity, then first cycle charge/discharge efficiency decreases and irreversible battery capacity increases, causing large deterioration of battery characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by using cyclic carboxonate, cyclic carbodithioate, or cyclic carbodisulfonate compounds to pre-form stable protective films on high-capacity negative electrode materials (lithium metal, silicon, or tin compounds) before service. This preliminary coating prevents excessive solvent decomposition and micronization during cycling, thereby improving charge/discharge efficiency and maintaining battery characteristics while preserving high initial capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical composition and structure of the protective film formed on the negative electrode through the use of specific cyclic compounds. These parameter changes in the SEI film composition (incorporating carboxonate, carbodithioate, or carbodisulfonate groups) enhance film stability and reduce irreversible capacity loss, thereby improving battery characteristics while maintaining high initial capacity
3Ease of operation
If highly crystallized carbon materials (natural graphite, artificial graphite) are used as negative electrode materials, then lithium occlusion and release is enabled, but solvent decomposition occurs on the electrode surface, generating decomposition products and gas that inhibit electrochemical reactions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by using cyclic carboxonate, cyclic carbodithioate, or cyclic carbodisulfonate compounds to pre-form stable protective films on highly crystallized carbon materials before service. This preliminary film formation prevents subsequent solvent decomposition and gas generation during lithium occlusion and release cycles, thereby enabling smooth electrochemical reactions without harmful decomposition products
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combined use of silane and cyclic compounds in the electrolytic solution enhances high-temperature storage performance and minimizes gas generation, providing a better balance and improving battery durability and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a silane compound and at least one kind of cyclic compound... which together form a coating film on electrodes
Implementation Method 2
form a coating film on electrodes to prevent solvent decomposition and gas generation
Data Source
AI summary
An electrolytic solution for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the present invention includes: (I) at least one kind of silane compound represented by the following general formula (1); (II) at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a cyclic sulfonic acid compound and a cyclic sulfuric ester compound; (III) a nonaqueous organic solvent; and (IV) a solute. The nonaqueous electrolyte battery with this electrolytic solution achieves a good balance between improvement of high-temperature storage characteristics under high-temperature conditions of 70° C. or higher and reduction of gas generation during high-temperature storage.Si(R1)x(R2)4-x (1)In the general formula (1), R1 is each independently a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond-containing group; R2 is each independently selected from a fluorine group and a C1-C10 linear or C3-C10 branched alkyl group which may have a fluorine atom and/or an oxygen atom; and x is an integer of 2 to 4.