Solvent-Free Silane-Isocyanate Coating for Low-Viscosity Curing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional polyurethane coatings require solvents, posing health and environmental risks, and suffer from high viscosity, rapid exothermic reactions, and surface defects, while water-based alternatives face challenges in solidification and drying.
Innovation Solution
A solvent-free coating composition using silane small molecules and isocyanate groups, with a controlled molar ratio and catalysts, allowing for low viscosity, adjustable curing, and zero VOC emissions, forming a durable paint film with high corrosion and weather resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If solvent-free polyurethane system is used, then environmental friendliness and VOC emissions are improved, but viscosity increases leading to application difficulties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite curing system combining isocyanate groups with silane small molecules and silane oligomers containing siloxane groups. This composite approach creates a multi-functional coating composition that achieves both low viscosity for easy application and complete solvent-free formulation for environmental friendliness. The silane components modify the polymer structure to maintain fluidity while enabling crosslinking cure.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If high-solid or ultra-high-solid polyurethane coatings are used, then VOC emissions are reduced, but viscosity increases causing short pot life
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes parameter changes in the silane components, specifically employing silane small molecules and silane oligomers with controlled molecular weights and siloxane group contents. These parameter adjustments allow the coating to maintain low viscosity and extended pot life while achieving high solid content and zero VOC emissions. The silane oligomers with degree of polymerization 2-20 provide optimal balance between viscosity and curing performance.
3Ease of operation
If traditional polyurethane coatings with organic solvents are used, then application properties are improved, but health and environmental safety deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes all organic solvent components from the traditional polyurethane coating formulation, replacing them with a solvent-free system comprising polyurethane prepolymer, isocyanate curing agent, and silane components. This extraction eliminates VOC emissions and associated health/environmental hazards while maintaining application properties through careful formulation of the solvent-free composition.
4Object-generated harmful factors
If water-based polyurethane coatings are used, then VOC emissions are reduced, but solidification and drying processes become complicated due to high latent heat of evaporation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the water-based evaporation drying mechanism with a chemical crosslinking cure mechanism. Instead of relying on water evaporation and associated high latent heat requirements, the coating cures through chemical reactions between isocyanate groups and silane components, forming a crosslinked network. This substitution eliminates the need for high-energy evaporation processes while achieving complete solidification.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves low viscosity for easy application, controllable curing, and high-performance paint films with zero VOC emissions, addressing environmental concerns and providing excellent adhesion, weather, and corrosion resistance.
Implementation Method 1
under normal temperature and pressure and in the absence of a catalyst, the silane small molecule containing a siloxane group and/or the silane oligomer containing a siloxane group does not undergo a one-step addition reaction with the small molecule containing an isocyanate group
Implementation Method 2
the coating composition also comprises Catalyst C, which comprises at least one catalyst capable of catalyzing the addition reaction between a hydroxyl group of an alkyl alcohol and an isocyanate group
Implementation Method 3
a silane small molecule containing a siloxane group and/or a silane oligomer containing a siloxane group
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The present invention relates to the field of coating materials, and discloses a coating composition, as well as coated material products, kits, and methods of use thereof, characterized by environmental friendliness and high efficiency in application. The coating composition comprises a Base Component A and a Curing Agent B. The Base Component A includes a silane small molecule containing a siloxane group and/or silane oligomers containing a siloxane group, while the Curing Agent B includes a small molecule containing an isocyanate group and/or a polymer containing a monomer containing at least one isocyanate group. The coating composition cross-links and cures in the presence of water molecules to form a coating film with excellent physical and chemical properties. In addition, the present invention also discloses coated material products, kits, and methods of use based on this coating composition, which are suitable for a variety of industrial and commercial applications.