Silane Polycondensates with Branched Urethane Radicals for Low Viscosity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing silicic acid polycondensates have high hydrophilicity, leading to increased water uptake and viscosity, which limits their applications in coatings and adhesives, and they lack sufficient organic cross-linking potential for enhanced mechanical strength.
Innovation Solution
Development of silanes with specific structural elements, including organically polymerizable groups and silicon atoms bonded via urethane, acid amide, or carboxylic acid ester groups, allowing for additional cross-linking and densification of the Si—O—Si network, resulting in reduced hydrophilicity and improved mechanical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional silicic acid polycondensates are used, then they provide basic coating and adhesive properties, but they exhibit high hydrophilicity leading to increased water uptake and viscosity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical composition of silane polycondensates through the incorporation of specific organic groups (carboxylic acid esters, acid amides, and urethanes) that alter the hydrophilicity parameter. This structural modification directly reduces water uptake while maintaining coating and adhesive properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite materials by combining inorganic silicic acid polycondensate networks with organic functional groups. This hybrid structure integrates the beneficial properties of both components: the inorganic network provides structural integrity while the organic groups control hydrophilicity and reduce water uptake.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional silicic acid polycondensates are used, then they provide basic structural properties, but they exhibit high viscosity that limits processing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the viscosity parameter through chemical composition changes, specifically by incorporating organic functional groups that alter the molecular structure and intermolecular interactions of the polycondensate. This reduces viscosity and improves processability while maintaining structural properties.
3Strength
If conventional silicic acid polycondensates are used, then they provide basic cross-linking, but they lack sufficient organic cross-linking potential for enhanced mechanical strength
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates composite materials by combining inorganic silicic acid polycondensate networks with organic functional groups. This hybrid structure integrates the beneficial properties of both components: the inorganic network provides structural integrity while the organic groups control hydrophilicity and reduce water uptake.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical composition of silane polycondensates through the incorporation of specific organic groups (carboxylic acid esters, acid amides, and urethanes) that alter the hydrophilicity parameter. This structural modification directly reduces water uptake while maintaining coating and adhesive properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new silanes and polycondensates exhibit reduced hydrophilicity, increased wet strength, and lower viscosity, enabling the production of polymers with good mechanical properties and low shrinkage, suitable for various applications including coatings, adhesives, and composites with improved processing characteristics.
Implementation Method 1
The silane groups can be partially or completely hydrolyzed and/or condensable to silicic acid heteropolycondensates with the formation of Si—O—Si bridges
Implementation Method 2
The organically polymerizable groups can be polymerized into an organic network structure by known methods, in particular by free radical polymerization
Data Source
AI summary
A polycondensatewherein R is alkylene, arylene, or alkylene-aryiene with 1-10 C, optionally containing O, S, carboxyl or amino; R1 is Z′-substituted alkylene, arylene, or alkylene-aryiene with 1-10 C, optionally containing O, S, carboxyl or amino; R′ is alkyl. alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl, or arylalkyl with 1-20 C; R3 is a bond to another Si or metal atom or is H or alkyl with 1-10 C; B and B′ is an organically polymerizable group with at least one C═C bond and at least 2 C or —R2aSiX4-a or —R2aR1bSiX4-a-b, where R2 is alkylene with 1-10 C; Z′ is —NH—C(O)O—, —NH—C(O)—, bonded via NH to B′, or —CO(O)—, wherein when C is bonded to B′, B′—Z′— is not acrylate if B contains acrytate, and B′—Z′— is not methacrylate if B contains methacrylate, wherein a is 1 or 2, b is 0 or 1. X may undergo hydrolytic condensation to Si—O—Si.