Silated Core Polysulfide Coupling Agents for Tire Reinforcement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current rubber compositions with silane coupling agents face challenges in achieving optimal reinforcement due to steric hindrance and low reactivity, particularly with polysulfide groups attached to aromatic or cyclic cores, leading to reduced effectiveness in forming multiple bonds with polymers and fillers, which affects the processing and performance of tire materials.
Innovation Solution
The development of silated core polysulfides with a Y-core structure and multiple polysulfide chains in a noncollinear configuration, allowing for central silyl group bonding and increased reactivity, enhances the formation of multiple sulfur attachments to polymers and fillers, improving dispersion and bonding efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If polysulfide groups are attached to aromatic or cyclic cores in conventional silane coupling agents, then the structural stability is improved, but the reactivity and ability to form multiple bonds with polymers and fillers deteriorates due to steric hindrance
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the polysulfide coupling structure by separating the polysulfide chains from the aromatic core, connecting them through flexible aliphatic linkers. This segmentation reduces steric hindrance between the polysulfide groups and the core, allowing each polysulfide chain to react independently with multiple polymer and filler molecules, thereby maintaining structural stability while significantly improving reactivity and bonding effectiveness.
2Strength
If filler particles are used in highly concentrated forms to achieve optimal reinforcement, then the reinforcement properties are improved, but the dispersion and processing difficulty deteriorates due to agglomeration
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces polysulfide silane coupling agents as intermediary substances between filler particles and polymer matrices. These coupling agents adsorb onto filler surfaces and extend into the polymer phase, creating a bridging effect that prevents filler agglomeration even at high concentrations. This intermediary layer maintains reinforcement properties while significantly improving dispersion and processing ease.
3Device complexity
If conventional silane coupling agents with limited polysulfide chains are used, then the simplicity of the composition is maintained, but the reinforcement efficiency and multiple bonding capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates a composite silane coupling agent structure combining aromatic cores, flexible aliphatic linkers, and multiple polysulfide chains. This composite structure integrates the stability of aromatic cores with the reactivity of polysulfide groups, enabled by aliphatic linkers that reduce steric hindrance. The result is a coupling agent with enhanced reinforcement efficiency and multiple bonding capability while maintaining reasonable compositional complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in improved physical properties and wear characteristics of tire materials, including reduced rolling resistance and enhanced workability, by facilitating better filler dispersion and reinforcement in rubber compositions.
Implementation Method 1
The silane coupling agent functions by chemically bonding the silica or other mineral fillers to the polymer
Data Source
AI summary
Free-flowing filler compositions containing sulfur-containing silane coupling agents, and a tire composition containing the filler composition, for use in the manufacture of tires.