Silicon Anode Material with Oxygen and Nitrogen Doping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing silicon-based anode materials in lithium-ion batteries suffer from gas production issues due to reactions with electrolyte, compromising safety and cycle performance, while their conductivity needs improvement.
Innovation Solution
An anode material comprising a carbon matrix and silicon particles with controlled amounts of oxygen and nitrogen elements to form a π-π conjugated system, reducing gas production and maintaining high conductivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If silicon material is added to increase capacity, then the energy density is improved, but gas production increases causing safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the carbon matrix by introducing nitrogen and oxygen elements in specific ratios. This modifies the electronic structure and reactivity of the carbon matrix, reducing gas production from silicon while maintaining high energy density. The nitrogen and oxygen doping alters the chemical environment to suppress harmful reactions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material system consisting of silicon particles embedded in a nitrogen-oxygen-doped carbon matrix. This composite structure combines the high capacity of silicon with the gas-suppressing properties of the modified carbon matrix, achieving both high energy density and safety.
2Reliability
If nitrogen and oxygen elements are added to improve conductivity, then electron conductivity increases, but gas production increases affecting safety
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameters of nitrogen and oxygen elements in the carbon matrix. By controlling the atomic ratios and doping levels, it achieves the right balance between enhancing electron conductivity through lone pair electrons and minimizing gas production from excessive reactivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The nitrogen and oxygen elements are locally distributed within the carbon matrix structure, creating regions of enhanced conductivity without uniformly increasing gas production throughout the material. The localized doping allows conductivity improvement while controlling overall reactivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The anode material effectively reduces gas production, enhances electronic conductivity, and improves cycling stability and safety by controlling the mass ratio of oxygen and nitrogen elements, ensuring efficient lithium ion transmission.
Implementation Method 1
the small amounts of the oxygen element and the nitrogen element may provide lone pair electrons, and the lone pair electrons participate in a π-π conjugated system of the carbon matrix, such that a larger p-π conjugated system is formed, thereby improving the electronic conductivity of the anode material
Implementation Method 2
the anode material easily reacts with solvent molecules or hydrogen radicals in electrolyte to produce some gases (e.g., CO2, CO, NH2, etc.)
Data Source
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AI summary
An anode material and a battery are provided. The anode material includes an active substance. The active substance includes a carbon matrix and a silicon material. The anode material contains an oxygen element and a nitrogen element, a mass content of the oxygen element is A%, and a mass content of the nitrogen element is B%. A powder conductivity of the anode material is P S/m, and meets the following relationship: (A+B)/P ≤ 3. According to the anode material provided in the present disclosure, a gas production phenomenon of the anode material is reduced while maintaining high electron conductivity.