Silicon-Containing Battery Electrolyte Additive for Stable Interfaces
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Solution Overview
Problem
The electrolyte solution in secondary batteries is prone to decomposition during charging and discharging, leading to the formation of by-products that degrade battery performance and pose safety risks, particularly at high temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A silicon-containing compound with a specific structure is introduced into the electrolyte solution, forming a stable interface coating layer on the electrode surface to improve stability and reduce internal resistance, thereby enhancing cycle and storage performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the electrolyte solution is used during charging and discharging, then ion transport between electrodes is enabled, but the electrolyte solution decomposes to produce by-products that degrade battery performance and cause safety problems
Solution Approach 1:
The silicon-containing compound performs preliminary action by reacting with moisture and hydrogen fluoride before they can cause significant harm to the battery system. The Si-N and Si-O bonds in the compound readily react with these harmful substances during initial cycles, removing them from the system and preventing their accumulation that would lead to performance degradation and safety issues.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the harmful by-products (moisture and hydrogen fluoride) into beneficial effects. The silicon-containing compound reacts with these harmful substances to form stable products, and simultaneously the cyclic ester structure undergoes reductive decomposition to form protective coating layers on electrode surfaces. This transforms the harmful decomposition process into a beneficial protective mechanism that improves battery safety and stability.
2Reliability
If conventional electrolyte solutions are used, then basic ion conduction is achieved, but interface stability deteriorates and internal resistance increases due to by-product accumulation
Solution Approach 1:
The silicon-containing compound acts as an intermediary substance between the electrolyte solution and the electrode active material. It forms an interface coating layer that mediates the interaction between these two components, protecting the electrode from direct contact with harmful electrolyte decomposition products while maintaining ion transport. This intermediary layer stabilizes the interface and prevents the increase in internal resistance that would otherwise occur.
3Productivity
If high energy density is pursued in secondary batteries, then battery performance improves, but cycle performance and storage stability deteriorate due to increased reactivity and by-product formation
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the electrolyte system by introducing the silicon-containing compound with specific functional groups (Si-N, Si-O bonds and cyclic ester structure). This parameter change modifies the chemical environment at the electrode interface, enabling the system to achieve high energy density while maintaining stable cycle performance and storage stability through the protective effects of the formed coating layers.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The silicon-containing compound effectively removes moisture and hydrogen fluoride, reduces internal resistance, and improves high-temperature cycle and storage performance by forming a protective interface coating layer, thus enhancing battery safety and longevity.
Implementation Method 1
The Si—N bond and the Si—O bond easily react with by-products such as moisture or hydrogen fluoride present in the battery, causing the chemical bonds to break, effectively removing the moisture or hydrogen fluoride in the battery
Implementation Method 2
the cyclic ester structure in the silicon-containing compound can undergo reductive decomposition and ring-opening polymerization on the surface of the active material to form an interface coating layer
Implementation Method 3
the cyclic ester structure in the silicon-containing compound can undergo reductive decomposition and ring-opening polymerization on the surface of the active material to form an interface coating layer
Data Source
AI summary
A silicon-containing compound has a general formula represented by formula I, where X1 and X2 each independently include —NR4— or —O—; R3 includes at least one of hydrogen, halogen, carbonyl, carboxyl, ester group, cyano, etheralkyl, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 aryl, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted cyclic sulfonate group, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted cyclic sulfate group, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted cyclic sulfite group, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted cyclic sulfone group, or halogen-substituted or unsubstituted cyclic carbonate group; and R1, R2, R4, and R51 each independently include at least one of hydrogen, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 saturated or unsaturated alkyl, halogen-substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 aryl, carbonyl, carboxyl, ester group, cyano, or an etheralkyl.