Siloxane Hemostatic Foam for Deep Wound Bleeding Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing hemostatic materials are inadequate for quickly and effectively treating internal hemorrhages in battlefield conditions, as they are often deep and obscure, and current methods like gauzes and tourniquets are not sufficient, while advanced materials are costly and complex.
Innovation Solution
A portable hemostatic bandage system comprising two formulations and a dual container device that forms a sponge-like polymer foam at ambient temperatures, using siloxane polymers and hydrogen peroxide to generate oxygen and initiate polymer curing, forming a self-expanding foam that adheres to wounds and initiates clotting.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional hemostatic materials like gauzes and tourniquets are used, then they are simple and cost-effective, but they provide inadequate pressure and adhesion for deep internal wounds
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the physical state and properties of hemostatic material by creating a two-part siloxane polymer system that transitions from liquid formulations to a self-expanding foam with controlled porosity and adhesion characteristics, providing enhanced pressure and sealing capability for deep wounds
Solution Approach 2:
The invention combines siloxane polymer, copolymer, surfactant, inorganic oxide, and hydrogen peroxide into a composite foam material that integrates multiple functions: adhesion, expansion, porosity control, and hemostatic action, overcoming the limitations of single-material traditional dressings
2Reliability
If advanced hemostatic materials are developed to improve effectiveness, then hemostatic performance is enhanced, but cost and fabrication complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The hemostatic system is divided into two separate formulations (Part A with siloxane polymer, catalyst, and inorganic oxide; Part B with hydrogen peroxide and surfactant) that are manufactured independently and then combined at the point of use, simplifying manufacturing processes while maintaining advanced performance
Solution Approach 2:
The foam material self-generates oxygen through the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by inorganic oxide, enabling autonomous expansion and adhesion without requiring external equipment or complex fabrication processes
3Productivity
If rapid foam formation is achieved at ambient temperatures, then application speed is improved, but control over foam expansion and stability becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The inorganic oxide serves as a catalyst that accelerates hydrogen peroxide decomposition only when the formulations are mixed, providing automatic feedback control that triggers rapid foam expansion at the moment of application while maintaining stability during separate storage
Solution Approach 2:
The system controls foam stability through parameter changes in the chemical formulations, including the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, surfactant composition, and catalyst activity, which remain stable during storage but trigger rapid expansion upon mixing at ambient temperature
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides rapid, effective, and cost-effective control of internal and external bleeding, suitable for emergency use in various weather conditions, without requiring complex application procedures, and is biocompatible and easily removable.
Implementation Method 1
decomposing H2O2 to generate a blowing gas O2
Implementation Method 2
two exothermic chemical reactions take place: decomposition of H2O2 to generate a blowing gas O2 and heat
Implementation Method 3
polymer curing of siloxanes to form polymer foam
Implementation Method 4
As surfactant in both formulations, a non-ionic organic detergent, Tween80 is added
Implementation Method 5
O2 is utilized, which is generated by decomposing H2O2 with inorganic oxide catalyst such as Ag2O
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure provides a portable hemostatic bandage system, which comprises two formulations comprising siloxanes and blowing gas generating agents as well as a dual container device, optionally a dual syringe applicator, for in situ construction of a sponge-like polymer foam as hemostatic bandage material. Two formulations kept separately in a dual container device react instantly with each other when forced to mix, and as a result, decomposition of hydrogen peroxide occurs to generate a blowing gas O2 and heat, and consequently siloxane polymer curing occurs to form polymer foam inside the dual container device. When the blowing foam is applied to a bleeding wound, it forms a sponge plug within a few minutes to control hemorrhage. This portable hemostatic bandage system can be easily used at ambient temperatures, and it is a cost-effective method to control hemorrhage.