Silver-Coated Copper Bonding Wire for Low-Force Wedge Bonding

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing bonding wires face challenges in wedge bonding due to high bonding forces, susceptibility to oxidation, and compatibility issues with new semiconductor materials like SiC and GaN, leading to reduced assembly lifetime and potential damage to substrates.

Innovation Solution

A copper core wire with a silver coating and an intermediate layer, where the intermediate layer consists of materials from both core and coating, enhances adhesion and reduces bonding forces while maintaining high conductivity and corrosion resistance, suitable for wedge bonding with WBG semiconductors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If copper wires are used for bonding, then electrical conductivity is improved, but wedge bonding becomes more difficult and oxidation susceptibility increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical conductivityVSAvoidwedge bonding
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite wire structure with a copper core and aluminum coating layer. The copper core provides superior electrical conductivity, while the aluminum coating enables easier wedge bonding and oxidation resistance. This composite material approach resolves the contradiction by combining materials with complementary properties in a single wire structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The aluminum coating layer acts as a protective barrier that creates an inert environment for the copper core, preventing oxidation. The coating layer contains aluminum oxide and other compounds that form a protective surface, eliminating the need for complex oxidation prevention measures during storage and processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

2Ease of manufacture

If aluminum coated copper wires are used, then wedge bonding ability is improved, but material migration accelerates at high temperatures reducing lifetime

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewedge bonding abilityVSAvoidassembly lifetime
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent carefully controls the thickness of the aluminum coating layer and the composition of the intermediate layer to optimize performance. By adjusting these parameters, the wire achieves good wedge bonding ability while minimizing material migration at high temperatures. The intermediate layer acts as a diffusion barrier that slows down material migration rates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The intermediate layer serves as a mediator between the copper core and aluminum coating. It consists of copper-aluminum alloy compounds that reduce the direct contact between pure copper and aluminum, thereby slowing down the material migration process at high temperatures while still allowing effective wedge bonding.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Strength

If high bonding forces are applied during wedge bonding, then bond strength is improved, but substrate damage increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebond strengthVSAvoidsubstrate damage
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the aluminum coating thickness and intermediate layer composition to achieve strong bonding at lower forces. The controlled parameters allow the wire to form strong bonds with substrates like SiC and GaN without requiring excessive bonding forces that would cause substrate damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The wire provides strong bondability with low bonding forces, improved reliability, and extended lifetime, suitable for high-temperature operations, and is compatible with advanced semiconductor materials, ensuring minimal substrate damage and increased assembly durability.

Implementation Method 1

an intermediate layer, arranged between the copper core and the coating layer, wherein the intermediate layer comprises only material of the copper core and material of the coating layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffusion: Diffusion

Data Source

PatentEP4651199A1Silver coated copper wire
Publication Date: 2025.11.19 HERAEUS ELECTRONICS GMBH & CO KG
  • EP4651199A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4651199A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4651199A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention relates to a wire, preferably for bonding in power electronics, comprising a copper core with a surface and a coating layer superimposed over the surface of the copper core, wherein the coating layer comprises silver, and an intermediate layer, arranged between the copper core and the coating layer, wherein the intermediate layer comprises only material of the copper core and material of the coating layer. The wire has a diameter in the range of 100 µm to 600 µm and the intermediate layer has a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 5 µm. The invention further relates to a process to manufacture such a wire, to a wire obtainable by said process, to an electronic assembly comprising at least two electronic elements and at least aforementioned wire, and to a process of connecting two elements through afore mentioned wire by wedge-wedge-bonding.