Silver Nanoparticle Antiseptic Formulation for Disinfection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing antimicrobial formulations based on colloidal silver and polyhexamethylene guanidine derivatives face issues with stability, filtration capture, and low silver ion generation rates, leading to reduced bactericidal activity and increased costs due to high silver concentrations.

Innovation Solution

The use of nanosized particles containing both silver and silver chloride, stabilized by amphoteric surface-active substances, which enhance silver ion generation, stability, and bactericidal activity, while reducing the amount of active substance required and minimizing filtration capture.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If high concentrations of colloidal silver are used to maintain sufficient bactericidal activity, then silver ion generation rate is improved, but formulation cost increases and stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebactericidal activityVSAvoidsilver concentration

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical-chemical parameters of silver by using nanosized particles (1-100 nm) instead of colloidal silver, and stabilizing them with specific surface-active substances. This parameter change enables sufficient bactericidal activity at much lower silver concentrations (0.01-5 ppm vs. higher concentrations required for colloidal silver), resolving the contradiction between effectiveness and quantity of substance

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite system combining nanosized silver particles with amphoteric surface-active substances (such as lecithin, phospholipids, or amino acid derivatives). This composite structure provides both the bactericidal activity of silver and the stability properties of the surface-active stabilizer, allowing low silver concentrations to maintain reliability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If colloidal silver formulations are used, then initial bactericidal effect is achieved, but stability under freezing and melting conditions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebactericidal effectVSAvoidfreezing-melting stability

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the stabilizing mechanism by replacing conventional colloidal stabilizers with amphoteric surface-active substances that form protective films around nanosized silver particles. This parameter change in the stabilizing system provides exceptional stability under freezing and melting conditions while preserving bactericidal activity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses organic surface-active substances (lecithin, phospholipids, amino acid derivatives) that are more stable under extreme conditions than conventional colloidal silver stabilizers. These organic stabilizers protect the nanosized silver particles during freezing-melting cycles, ensuring the formulation remains effective

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Reliability

If positively charged silver particles stabilized by polyhexamethylene guanidine derivatives are used, then bactericidal activity is achieved, but filtration capture increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebiocide activityVSAvoidfiltration capture

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the charge characteristic of the stabilizing agents by using amphoteric surface-active substances that can provide negative or neutral surface charge on silver nanoparticles, opposite to the conventional positive charge of polyhexamethylene guanidine derivatives. This charge inversion reduces attraction to negatively charged filter materials, minimizing filtration capture while maintaining biocide activity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

4Quantity of substance

If nanosized silver particles are used to reduce silver concentration, then cost efficiency is improved, but bactericidal activity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesilver concentrationVSAvoidbactericidal activity

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the size parameter of silver particles to the nanoscale (1-100 nm), which dramatically increases the surface area to volume ratio. This parameter change enables much higher surface area of active silver at lower concentrations, maintaining bactericidal activity while reducing the quantity of silver required

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite of nanosized silver particles with amphoteric surface-active substances that prevent aggregation and maximize the dispersion and surface area of active silver. This composite structure ensures that even at low concentrations (0.01-5 ppm), the total surface area of silver particles provides sufficient bactericidal activity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach achieves higher bactericidal activity with reduced silver concentrations, improved stability across varying conditions, and resistance to aggregation and freezing, making the formulation more effective and cost-efficient for disinfection applications.

Implementation Method 1

The rate of generation of silver ions that play a crucial part in bactericidal action of formulations based on colloidal silver, is rather low in the process of oxidative dissolution of silver particles

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectOxidative dissolution: Oxidation

Implementation Method 2

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSurface-active substance stabilization: Surfactant

Implementation Method 3

positively charged particles of silver stabilized by derivatives of polyhexamethylene guanidine are easily sorbed in water-treatment filters, and especially in those made of materials containing silicon oxide and aluminosilicates

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSorption: Sorption

Data Source

PatentUS10717661B2Antiseptic formulation and its use

Publication Date: 2020.07.21 OBSHCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOY OTVETSTVENNOSTYU NANOBIOTEKH

AI summary

This invention falls within the scope of sanitary and hygiene, and of antiseptic formulations in particular, including disinfectants intended for disinfection of water in swimming-pools and other artificial reservoirs, for sanitary and hygienic treatment of rooms, household equipment, furniture, household appliances and industrial equipment, as well as for disinfection of rinse and waste water. An antiseptic formulation contains nanosized particles containing both silver and silver chloride. An antiseptic formulation can additionally contain at least one amphoteric surface-active substance. In order to perform disinfection of water, nanosized particles containing silver and silver chloride are added into water at least once.