SIMS Analysis Using Cesium-Coated Surfaces and Polyatomic Ion Beams

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) methods face challenges in achieving precise quantitative analysis due to the matrix effect, where signal intensity is heavily dependent on the chemical composition of the sample, making it unsuitable for unknown compositions without standards with similar chemical composition.

Innovation Solution

The method involves coating the sample surface with cesium atoms and using a primary ion beam predominantly composed of cluster ions, such as Bi3+, C60+, or SF5+, which significantly enhances sensitivity by altering the ion generation mechanisms, allowing for higher ion yields and improved detection limits.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional SIMS method is used to analyze solid surfaces, then secondary ions can be generated and analyzed, but the matrix effect causes signal intensity to depend heavily on chemical composition, making precise quantitative analysis difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequantitative analysis precisionVSAvoidmatrix effect
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A cesium layer is introduced as an intermediary between the primary ion beam and the sample surface. This cesium mediator forms cesium compounds with sample atoms (CsM+) during the sputtering process, which alters the ionization mechanism and reduces the direct dependence on the sample's chemical composition, thereby mitigating the matrix effect and improving quantitative analysis precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the ionization parameter by using cesium-coated surfaces to generate positively charged cesium compounds (CsM+) instead of directly detecting atomic secondary ions. This parameter change in the detection mechanism transforms the ion yield characteristics and reduces sensitivity to compositional variations, addressing the matrix effect problem

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Quantity of substance

If cluster ion sources are used to generate molecular secondary ions on organic sample surfaces, then high ion yields are achieved, but sensitivity for inorganic solids remains comparatively low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveion yieldVSAvoiddetection sensitivity for inorganic solids
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention combines cluster ion beams (such as Bi3+, C60+, SF5+) with cesium-coated surfaces to create a composite analysis system. This combination leverages the high ion yield capability of cluster ions while the cesium layer enhances sensitivity for inorganic solids through the formation of cesium compounds, achieving synergistic improvement in both ion yield and detection sensitivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Measurement precision

If cesium ions are used to coat the sample surface, then sensitivity is improved through altered ion generation mechanisms, but the analysis function and cesium occupancy become coupled

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection sensitivityVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention segments the analysis process into two independent parts: a sputter ion beam for surface preparation and cesium occupancy, and a separate cluster ion analysis beam for detection. This segmentation allows the analysis function and cesium occupancy to be performed by different ion beams, reducing process complexity and enabling independent optimization of each function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach dramatically increases ion yield, improving detection limits by more than an order of magnitude, enabling more precise analysis and expanding the applicability of secondary ion mass spectrometry, especially for inorganic solids, by separating the analysis function from cesium occupancy.

Implementation Method 1

the sample surface to be analyzed is bombarded with an ion beam. Due to the impact cascade taking place in the surface of the sample, this primary ion beam generates so-called secondary particles, which are knocked out of the surface (sputtering process)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSputtering: Sputtering

Implementation Method 2

the sample surface is sputtered with cesium ions, resulting in a cesium coating on the sample surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVapor deposition: Physical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 3

An ion beam with cesium ions is used as the sputtering ion beam, with which the surface of the sample to be analyzed can be coated with cesium

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSputtering: Sputtering

Data Source

PatentEP1891421B1Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) with polyatomic primary ion beam, which is directed at a surface coated with caesium
Publication Date: 2009.07.22 ION TOF TECH
  • EP1891421B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1891421B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP1891421B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method of analysing a solid specimen. Such methods are used in particular for analysing the material composition and distribution in or on the surface of a solid body. In the case of the method according to the invention, the surface to be analysed is covered at least partly and/or in certain regions with caesium and the surface is irradiated with an analysing beam, which predominantly or exclusively contains polyatomic ions with at least 3 atoms per ion. The secondary ions produced are then analysed for caesium compounds.