Layered Simulated Abdominal Wall for Realistic Trocar Training
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing laparoscopic simulators lack a realistic curvature and require additional support structures, detracting from the simulation's aesthetic and functional realism, particularly in mimicking the insufflated abdomen's convex surface and anatomical landmarks.
Innovation Solution
A simulated abdominal wall with multiple laminated layers of foam, including a silicone layer, is designed to maintain a convex shape without internal support structures, using methods such as projecting domed shapes onto flat surfaces and vacuum molding to create a resilient, lifelike abdominal wall that can withstand trocar penetration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If a simulated abdominal wall is made small to withstand trocar penetration forces, then strength is improved, but the ability to provide realistic curvature and anatomical landmarks is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The abdominal wall is divided into multiple foam layers of different densities, where each layer contributes different mechanical properties. The layered structure allows the wall to achieve both strength (through the rigid outer layers) and realistic curvature (through the flexible inner layers), resolving the contradiction between size and functional requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite foam materials with varying densities arranged in layers. The outer layers use higher density foam for strength and structural support, while inner layers use lower density foam for flexibility and curvature. This composite approach enables the abdominal wall to maintain its shape and provide realistic anatomy without requiring excessive size
2Stability of the object's composition
If support structures are added to maintain abdominal wall shape, then shape stability is improved, but aesthetic realism and ease of operation are worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The abdominal wall uses a dynamic layered foam structure where the material itself provides the necessary shape stability through its mechanical properties. The varying density layers create a self-supporting structure that maintains curvature without rigid support elements, allowing free movement and insertion of surgical instruments without interference from support structures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the need for internal support structures (such as rods or frameworks) by incorporating structural support directly into the foam layer composition. The outer foam layers provide the necessary structural integrity, allowing the abdominal wall to maintain its shape autonomously without additional supportive components
3Ease of manufacture
If flat or single-direction curved foam sheets are used, then ease of manufacture is improved, but aesthetic realism is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The manufacturing process is segmented into multiple stages where flat foam sheets are created, then progressively formed into curved configurations through vacuum molding. Each layer can be manufactured flat for ease of production, then assembled and shaped together to create the final convex abdominal wall surface, combining manufacturing simplicity with aesthetic realism
Data Source
AI summary
A simulated abdominal wall for laparoscopic surgical training and methods of making the wall are provided. The simulated abdominal wall is dome-shaped having a visual appearance of an insufflated abdomen. The wall is strong enough to withstand penetration with surgical trocars without unrealistic buckling or deformation. The wall is supported by a perimeter frame without any support structures traversing the wall that would interfere with port placement. The wall includes multiple layers connected together to form a unitary wall to fit a laparoscopic trainer. In one method, a projection of a dome is cut from a flat layer of foam material and assembled within a mold cavity. Consecutive layers with the same or different projection pattern are laid up inside the mold cavity. Alternatively, a vacuum mold together with heat is used to deform each foam layer. Adhesive is applied between layers to simultaneously join the adjacent layers upon deformation.