Single Alignment Layer IPS LCD for Uniform Response
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional IPS and FFS LCDs face challenges with liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment layer not twisting effectively along the electrical field direction, resulting in a narrower viewing angle and longer response time due to unequal electrical fields and anchor forces across the substrates.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a single alignment layer on the substrate with the electrode array, where the electrical field and anchor force are orthogonal to the alignment layer direction, ensuring consistent alignment and rapid twisting of liquid crystal molecules across the entire liquid crystal layer when voltage is applied.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If two alignment layers are provided on both substrates, then liquid crystal molecules can be aligned in a predetermined direction, but the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment layer do not twist effectively along the electrical field direction and require longer response time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the second alignment layer from the structure, extracting the problematic element that caused unequal anchor forces. By providing only one alignment layer on the first substrate, the invention eliminates the source of the contradiction, allowing liquid crystal molecules throughout the entire layer to respond uniformly to the electrical field without being constrained by a conflicting second alignment layer.
2Manufacturing precision
If two alignment layers are provided on both substrates, then liquid crystal molecules can be aligned in a predetermined direction, but the viewing angle remains narrow due to unequal electrical field distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the second alignment layer that created asymmetric anchor forces, thereby eliminating the root cause of the viewing angle limitation. This extraction allows the liquid crystal molecules to be uniformly controlled by the electrical field across the entire layer, enabling better viewing angle performance while maintaining adequate alignment precision through the single alignment layer.
3Stability of the object's composition
If electrical field is applied perpendicular to substrate surface, then liquid crystal molecules can be uniformly oriented, but the viewing angle is narrower compared to parallel field application
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the conventional approach by applying the electrical field parallel to the substrate surface rather than perpendicular to it. This inversion of the field direction, combined with the single alignment layer configuration, enables the liquid crystal molecules to rotate in the plane parallel to the substrates, thereby achieving both uniform orientation and widened viewing angle characteristic of IPS and FFS modes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the response speed and maintains a high transmittance ratio, effectively widening the viewing angle and improving the overall performance of IPS and FFS LCDs by ensuring uniform electrical field and anchor force distribution across the liquid crystal layer.
Implementation Method 1
the first and the second alignment layers 12, 22 provide a same anchor force to the adjacent liquid crystal molecules
Implementation Method 2
an electric field is generated perpendicular to a principal surface of a substrate... When the electric field is selectively and locally applied on a liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are uniformly oriented perpendicular to the principal surface
Data Source
AI summary
An in plane switching liquid crystal display (IPS LCD) (100) has two substrates (110, 120) opposite to each other and spaced apart a predetermined distance; a liquid crystal layer (130) between the two substrates, and having a plurality of liquid crystal molecules; and an electrode array (111) formed on one of the substrate. Only one alignment layer (112) is provided, adjacent to the liquid crystal layer, which is formed on the substrate having the electrode array.