Single-Coated Paperboard for PE Adhesion and Low Roughness
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pigment-coated paperboard manufacturing processes are costly and require multiple coating layers to achieve adequate polyethylene adhesion and surface roughness, leading to potential delamination issues.
Innovation Solution
A single coating layer comprising a polymeric binder and calcium carbonate pigment in a specific dry weight ratio and particle size distribution is applied directly to the paperboard substrate, eliminating additional layers and utilizing larger calcium carbonate particles for improved adhesion and reduced roughness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple coating layers (base coating and top coating) are applied to achieve adequate PE-adhesion and surface roughness, then the surface properties and adhesion are improved, but the manufacturing cost and process complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the functions of base coating and top coating into a single coating layer. This single layer simultaneously provides the adhesion promotion function (traditionally base coating) and the surface property optimization function (traditionally top coating), thereby reducing the number of coating operations while maintaining both PE-adhesion and surface roughness at acceptable levels
Solution Approach 2:
The single coating layer is designed to perform multiple functions that were previously divided between two separate layers. It universally provides both the priming/adhesion function and the surface property adaptation function, making the coating system more efficient and cost-effective while eliminating the need for multiple coating equipment configurations
2Reliability
If multiple coating layers are applied to achieve adequate PE-adhesion and surface roughness, then the surface properties and adhesion are improved, but the manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
By merging the base coating and top coating into a single coating layer, the patent reduces material consumption, equipment usage, and operational costs. The single layer achieves both adhesion promotion and surface property optimization, eliminating redundant materials and processing steps associated with two separate coating operations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the redundant intermediate step of applying a separate base coating layer. The single coating layer directly provides both adhesion and surface properties, removing the need for multiple coating applications and associated costs while maintaining the required performance level
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional single layer coatings use finer calcium carbonate pigments, then the coating can be applied easily, but the surface roughness increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the particle size parameter of the calcium carbonate pigment from fine to coarse (d50 between 1.1-1.7 μm). This parameter change maintains coating applicability while significantly reducing surface roughness, achieving better printability and surface quality compared to conventional fine pigment coatings
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The single coating layer enhances polyethylene adhesion, preventing delamination and reducing surface roughness while minimizing production costs by reducing the total amount of coating materials and equipment needed.
Implementation Method 1
the PE layer adheres firmly to the pigment coating, i.e., that delamination is avoided
Implementation Method 2
a coating layer applied directly to a surface of a first side of the paperboard substrate
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides methods, systems, and compositions for ARMM-mediated delivery of molecules of interest (e.g., therapeutic agents) to cells and tissues of the eye. The present invention further relates to compositions and methods of producing, testing, and administering ARRDC1-mediated microvesicles (“ARMMs”) to internal structures of the eye. More particularly, the present invention provides compositions and methods of producing, testing, and administering ARMMs particles comprising one or more therapeutic agents (e.g., biological molecules including, but not limited to, CRISPR/Cas9 and other similar endonucleases, base editors, small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids (e.g., DNA, RNA, siRNA, mRNA, miRNA, and the like)). Also provided are methods of administering therapeutic agents associated with ARMMs, including, but not limited to, methods of treating or contacting cells and tissues of the eye in one or more dosing regimens. In particular, the present invention provides methods of administering therapeutic agents via ARMMs to the cells and tissues that comprise the retina or into the subretinal space. Additionally, the present invention relates to methods of manufacturing (e.g., culturing, clarifying, separating, and concentrating) the inventive compositions from stable producer cell lines and from cell cultures.