Single-Coil Rotary Pneumatic Valve for Fast Response, Low Power
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional pneumatic proportional valves face challenges with low frequency response and high power consumption due to large translational inertia and inefficient magnetic field generation, which hinder their ability to meet the performance requirements of direct-drive pneumatic proportional valves.
Innovation Solution
A rotary pneumatic proportional directional valve with a single coil torque motor and a compact, direct-drive design, featuring a novel magnetic circuit structure that reduces rotary inertia and enhances output torque, allowing for high frequency response and low power consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If a traditional proportional electromagnet with seat valve is used, then the valve can achieve proportional control, but the response speed and frequency response are low due to large translational inertia
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional proportional electromagnet with a torque motor that generates rotational motion instead of linear motion. This substitution changes the mechanical system from translational to rotational, exploiting the smaller rotational inertia of the armature to achieve faster response speed and higher frequency response.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the motion parameter from linear displacement to rotational angle. The torque motor controls the rotational position of the armature, which in turn controls the valve opening through a transmission mechanism. This parameter change enables faster dynamic response while maintaining proportional control capability.
2Speed
If a traditional torque motor with two coils is used, then the valve can achieve proportional control, but the structure is not compact and rotary inertia cannot be further reduced due to space requirements for coils at armature arms
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of two separate coils into a single coil structure. The single coil is positioned on the stator core, eliminating the need for coils at the armature arms. This merging simplifies the structure, improves compactness, and allows further reduction of rotary inertia while maintaining the proportional control function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent relocates the coil from the armature (rotating part) to the stator (stationary part), changing the spatial dimension of the magnetic field generation. This dimensional change allows the coil to be positioned in a fixed location, simplifying the rotating armature structure and reducing its moment of inertia.
3Force
If a traditional torque motor is used, then the valve can operate, but the output torque is small, requiring large volume and high power consumption to meet control valve requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces permanent magnets that generate a bias magnetic field opposing the reluctance torque. This counteracting magnetic field reduces the total torque required from the coil, allowing smaller coil currents and lower power consumption while maintaining the same output torque capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite magnetic circuit combining permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils. The permanent magnets provide a constant bias flux, while the coils provide controllable variable flux. This composite approach creates a hybrid magnetic system that achieves higher torque density with lower power consumption compared to purely electromagnetic systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves a high frequency response and low power consumption while maintaining a simple and compact structure, enabling miniaturization and efficient operation of the pneumatic proportional directional valve.
Implementation Method 1
an exciting coil (4), wherein the axis of the exciting coil (4) coincides with a rotation axis of the armatures (6, 7), and the coil (4) is arranged between the upper armature (6) and the lower armature (7)
Implementation Method 2
The four permanent magnets are respectively sandwiched among the four magnetically permeable yokes
Data Source
AI summary
A pneumatic proportional valve includes a torque motor and a pneumatic rotary valve. The torque motor includes permanent magnets, magnetically permeable yokes, an upper armature, a lower armature, an upper skeleton, a skeleton column, a lower skeleton, an exciting coil, a coil skeleton, a spring support, a spring plate and load springs. The torque motor has a single coil structure with an axis of the exciting coil coinciding with a rotation axis of the armatures, and the coil is arranged between the upper armature and the lower armature. The torque motor has the upper armature and the lower armature, and the upper armature and the lower armature have a total of four armature arms, which can form eight air gaps with an upper one and a lower one working in pair, form four pairs of magnetic circuits in parallel with each other under the excitation of a control coil.