Single Crystal Seal Crystalline Orientation for Compliance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft engine seals face challenges in accommodating eccentricity between rotor axes and shoe displacements while maintaining adequate resonant frequency margins, especially under varying temperature, pressure, and rotational speed conditions.

Innovation Solution

A seal designed with a single crystal nickel-based alloy, featuring a specific crystalline orientation to achieve tailored stiffness and natural frequency, allowing for increased displacement and temperature ranges without increasing the seal's size, utilizing a beam structure with a predetermined crystalline orientation to accommodate geometrical profiles and deflection ranges.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional seal materials and structures are used, then the seal can maintain basic sealing function, but the seal cannot accommodate large eccentricity and displacement while maintaining adequate resonant frequency margin

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedisplacement rangeVSAvoidresonant frequency margin
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter from conventional polycrystalline materials to single crystal materials with specific crystalline orientations. This parameter change enables the seal to achieve both large displacement accommodation and adequate resonant frequency margin, as the single crystal structure provides predictable and tailored mechanical properties that simultaneously satisfy both requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite material strategy by combining single crystal material with specific crystalline orientation architecture. The seal structure integrates beams with <100> orientation and <110> orientation in specific configurations, creating a composite structural-material system that achieves both compliance for displacement and stiffness for resonant frequency requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Adaptability or versatility

If the seal size is increased to accommodate larger displacement ranges, then the displacement capability improves, but the seal packaging flexibility deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedisplacement rangeVSAvoidseal size
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material compliance parameter by using single crystal materials with specific orientations instead of conventional materials. This allows the seal to achieve larger effective displacement range without increasing physical size, as the crystalline orientation provides enhanced compliance in specific directions while maintaining compact dimensions for packaging flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Temperature

If the seal is designed for high temperature operation, then the temperature range improves, but the material stiffness and resonant frequency may deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature rangeVSAvoidstiffness
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter to single crystal nickel-based superalloys with specific crystalline orientations that are known to maintain high stiffness and strength at elevated temperatures. The <100> and <110> orientations provide temperature-stable mechanical properties, allowing the seal to operate in high temperature environments while maintaining adequate resonant frequency margin and structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides enhanced displacement, temperature, and rotational speed ranges compared to conventional seals, offering flexibility in seal packaging and a tailored spring-rate, accommodating varied application environments with improved stability and efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a seal designed with a single crystal nickel-based alloy, featuring a specific crystalline orientation to achieve tailored stiffness and natural frequency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCrystalline orientation anisotropy: Anisotropy

Data Source

PatentEP3141700B1Seal crystalline orientation for increased compliance
Publication Date: 2019.10.02 UNITED TECH CORP
  • EP3141700B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3141700B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3141700B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a seal (200) comprising: a shoe (202), and at least one beam (206) coupled to the shoe (202), wherein the seal (200) includes a single crystal material with a predetermined crystalline orientation. Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a method for designing a seal (200), comprising: obtaining a requirement associated with at least one of: a geometrical profile of the seal (200), a temperature range over which the seal (200) is to operate, a natural frequency associated with the seal (200), or a range of deflection associated with the seal (200), selecting a crystalline orientation for a single crystal material of the seal (200) based on the requirement, and fabricating the seal based on the selected crystalline orientation.