Single Nozzle 3D Printer Extruder with Mixer and Heat Sink

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current three-dimensional printing technologies face challenges with dual-nozzle systems, which are complex to calibrate, prone to material contamination and mixing, and risk damage to printed layers due to nozzle movement, especially when printing with multiple materials like soluble and insoluble thermoplastics.

Innovation Solution

A single-nozzle extruder assembly with a mixer and heat sink, featuring angled feeding means to minimize filament deformation and contamination, and a heat sink to isolate the heating block from other components, reducing thermal exposure and clogging, while using fluorinated polymers for smooth filament handling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If dual-nozzle system is used for printing with multiple materials, then printing capability with multiple materials is improved, but device complexity and calibration difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting capability with multiple materialsVSAvoiddual-nozzle mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple material feeding capabilities into a single nozzle system. The mixer receives multiple filaments and merges them into one stream that passes through a single heating block and nozzle, eliminating the need for multiple nozzles while maintaining multi-material printing capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The single nozzle system is designed to handle multiple materials universally. The mixer and single heating block can process different filament types (soluble and insoluble materials) through one unified extrusion path, making the system versatile for various material combinations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If dual-nozzle system is used, then multi-material printing is enabled, but risk of material contamination and mixing increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-material printingVSAvoidmaterial contamination and mixing
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the mixing function from the nozzle itself and places it in a dedicated mixer component upstream. This separation allows controlled mixing of materials before they enter the heating block, preventing unwanted contamination while enabling intentional blending where required

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The mixer acts as an intermediary component between the multiple filament sources and the single heating block. It mediates the interaction between different materials, controlling their mixing and preventing direct contamination in the nozzle while maintaining material integrity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Adaptability or versatility

If dual-nozzle system is used, then multi-material printing is achieved, but risk of damage to printed layers by nozzle movement increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-material printing capabilityVSAvoidprinted layer integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By merging multiple material streams into a single nozzle, the system eliminates the need for multiple nozzles that could collide or interfere with each other. The single nozzle moves uniformly without risk of one nozzle damaging layers deposited by another nozzle

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Productivity

If filaments are fed at high angle to nozzle axis, then feeding efficiency is improved, but filament deformation increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeeding efficiencyVSAvoidfilament shape accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the feeding angle parameter to a specific range (10-60 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle) that balances feeding efficiency with filament integrity. This parameter optimization ensures smooth filament flow while preventing deformation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution allows for reliable printing with multiple materials without complex calibration, reduces material consumption and clogging, and prevents contamination, enhancing printing precision and efficiency by maintaining minimal melted material in the nozzle and shortening filament change times.

Implementation Method 1

a heat sink, arranged between the heating block and the mixer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

a heating block, a temperature control element for controlling the temperature of the heating block

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 3

a temperature control element for controlling the temperature of the heating block

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature control: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentEP3156217B1Extruder assembly for a three-dimensional printer
Publication Date: 2020.07.22 Y SOFT CORP AS
  • EP3156217B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3156217B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The present invention provides an extruder assembly for a three-dimensional printer comprising one nozzle (1), attached to a heating block (2), a temperature control element for controlling the temperature of the heating block, a mixer (5), a heat exchanger (4) arranged between the heating block (2) and the mixer (5), and a plurality of feeding means for feeding a plurality of printing material filaments from filament storage means to the mixer (5) and from retracting the printing material filaments from the mixer (5), arranged to feed the filaments into the mixer (5). The extruder assembly is suitable for 3D printing using a plurality of printing materials.