Single Pair Ethernet Power Delivery via Diode Coupling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional Power over Ethernet (PoE) systems are limited to two-pair cabling, which restricts power delivery over longer distances and is not suitable for devices requiring higher power, and they do not efficiently address the need for power delivery over single conductor pairs, leading to issues like signal interference and reduced power transmission in space-constrained environments.

Innovation Solution

A system that enables power delivery over a single conductor pair using a data transformer with direct current blocking elements and a PoE module coupled via forward-biased diodes and reverse-biased zener diodes, ensuring frequency-insensitive coupling to prevent data signal interference and maintain power transmission efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional two-pair Power over Ethernet cabling is used, then power delivery is supported up to 100 meters, but the system cannot deliver power over single conductor pairs and is not suitable for space-constrained environments

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecabling configuration flexibilityVSAvoidtransformer configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the traditional two-pair transformer configuration into separate single-pair implementations. Each conductor pair is handled by independent blocking elements (capacitors or diodes), allowing flexible deployment in single-pair scenarios while maintaining compatibility with traditional two-pair setups. This segmentation enables the system to adapt to space-constrained environments using single conductor pairs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal Power over Ethernet solution that works with both traditional two-pair cabling and modern single-pair configurations. By providing optional blocking elements that can be selectively deployed, the system maintains backward compatibility while enabling new single-pair applications, thus achieving multi-functionality across different cabling scenarios.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If DC blocking elements are added to enable single-pair power delivery, then power can be delivered over single conductor pairs, but the system complexity increases with additional components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesingle-pair power delivery capabilityVSAvoidnumber of components
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces DC blocking elements (capacitors or diodes) as intermediary components between the power delivery circuitry and the single conductor pair. These intermediaries prevent direct current from reaching the transformer while allowing alternating current power signals to pass through, enabling single-pair power delivery without compromising transformer operation. The blocking elements act as mediators that reconcile the conflicting requirements of DC isolation and AC power transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Device complexity

If direct coupling of PoE module to single conductor pair is used, then the design is simple, but data signals interfere with power transmission

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling designVSAvoidsignal interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the DC blocking function from the direct coupling path between the PoE module and the conductor pair. By placing capacitors or diodes in series with the conductor pair, the design separates the power transmission path from the data signal path, preventing data signals from interfering with power transmission while maintaining a relatively simple overall design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Length of stationary object

If conventional PoE specifications are used, then two-pair cabling is supported, but power delivery over longer distances and to higher power devices is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower delivery distanceVSAvoidpower delivery capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the electrical parameters of the power delivery system by introducing DC blocking elements that enable efficient single-pair power transmission. This parameter change allows for reduced signal attenuation and improved power delivery efficiency, extending the effective distance and power delivery capability beyond traditional two-pair limitations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution allows for efficient power delivery over single conductor pairs, extending the reach of PoE systems beyond traditional limits, reducing signal distortion, and maintaining power delivery efficiency even in space-constrained applications.

Implementation Method 1

coupled to the single conductor pair via a forward-biased diode and a reverse-biased zener diode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiode: Diode

Implementation Method 2

coupled to the single conductor pair via a forward-biased diode and a reverse-biased zener diode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectZener diode: Diode

Implementation Method 3

a data transformer having a first end and a second end, said data transformer enabling the network device to transmit and receive data with a link partner device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 4

a first direct current blocking element having a first side coupled to a first end of the transformer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP2660989B1A power over one-pair ethernet approach
Publication Date: 2016.10.05 BROADCOM INC
  • EP2660989B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2660989B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2660989B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A power over one-pair Ethernet approach. A data transformer is coupled to a single conductor pair using one or more direct current (DC) blocking elements that preserve an alternating current path. The data transformer enables a network device to transmit and receive data with a link partner device via the single conductor pair. Power transmission over the single conductor pair is enabled through the coupling of a power over Ethernet module to the single conductor pair using a diode that can be paired with a zener diode.