Single-Pixel Imaging With Cosine Structured Light Reconstruction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing single-pixel imaging techniques suffer from poor imaging quality due to their probabilistic nature, requiring millions of measurements and resulting in approximation rather than high-quality images, especially when compared to conventional optical imaging.
Innovation Solution
The method employs light fields with a cosine spatial structure that have a definite mathematical function analytical expression, reducing the number of measurements needed by using a structured light generator and an image analytical reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct high-quality images.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If single-pixel ghost imaging techniques use speckle light fields and compressive sampling based techniques use random patterns for illumination, then imaging can be achieved with a single-pixel detector, but the imaging quality is poor and requires millions of measurements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of illumination light field from random/speckle patterns to deterministic structured light fields with known mathematical expressions. By using light fields with defined spatial structures (such as sinusoidal patterns with controllable frequency and phase), the system transforms the ill-posed inverse problem into a well-posed one, enabling high-quality image reconstruction with far fewer measurements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-designing structured light fields with known mathematical expressions before illumination. The illumination patterns are carefully prepared in advance with controlled spatial frequencies and phases, allowing the reconstruction algorithm to directly compute the object's Fourier spectrum without relying on probabilistic statistical methods
2Measurement precision
If conventional imaging uses pixelated cameras to capture images, then high-quality images can be obtained directly, but the device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the spatial encoding function from the detector and transfers it to the illumination system. Instead of using a pixelated detector to directly capture spatial information, the system uses structured light fields to encode spatial information into intensity measurements, which are then decoded through computational reconstruction. This separates the detection function from the spatial encoding function
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/optical imaging system (lenses, pixelated detectors) with a computational imaging system. A single-pixel detector combined with structured illumination and Fourier-based reconstruction algorithms substitutes for complex optical imaging hardware, achieving comparable or superior performance with simpler physical components
3Manufacturing precision
If photosensitive devices with small pixel pitch are used to achieve higher image resolution, then resolution improves, but manufacturing difficulty increases and signal-to-noise ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from direct spatial domain imaging to frequency domain imaging. By illuminating with structured light fields of different spatial frequencies and measuring the scattered light intensities, the system reconstructs the object's Fourier spectrum. This frequency-domain approach allows high-resolution imaging without requiring high-density pixel arrays, as resolution is determined by the maximum spatial frequency used in illumination rather than detector pixel pitch
Data Source
AI summary
An optical imaging method using a single-pixel detector, An image of a target object is expressed by using discrete pixels, and the size of the image is M×N pixels. A cosine structured light field generator is used for generating a series of light fields that have different frequencies and are distributed according to cosine, wherein each set of frequencies corresponds to at least three different initial phase φ values; the light fields with cosine distribution that have different frequencies and different initial phases are used to sequentially irradiate the target object; an optical detector (2) is used for sequentially receiving light intensity signals from the target object and then response values of the optical detector (2) are sequentially collected and recorded; An image reconstruction algorithm is established on the basis of the light fields, the number of measurements can be greatly reduced, and a high-quality reconstructed image can be obtained.