Single-Row Wire Structure EMI Shielding and Crosstalk Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing flat cable structure for electrical connections in consumer electronics faces issues of excessive material usage, high cost, signal interference due to close wire spacing, and electromagnetic interference (EMI)/radiofrequency interference (RFI) due to lack of shielding in high-speed signal transmission.
Innovation Solution
A single-row electrical wire structure with increased spacing between high-speed signal pairs and the elimination of ground wires on signal pairs, utilizing coaxial wires with conductive layers connected to grounding sheets for shielding and grounding, and a metallic shell to prevent EMI/RFI.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If ground wires are arranged at two sides of each signal pair in the flat cable structure, then electromagnetic shielding is improved, but the cable width increases and material cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the ground wires from their traditional positions at both sides of each signal pair, removing only the necessary grounding elements while maintaining EMI shielding effectiveness. This reduction in ground wire quantity directly decreases cable width and material usage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a planar flat cable structure to a three-dimensional bundled wire structure, allowing ground wires to be positioned in multiple spatial dimensions rather than confined to a single row. This enables more efficient space utilization and reduced overall cable width.
2Area of stationary object
If the distance between adjacent wires is reduced in the flat cable structure, then space utilization is improved, but signal crosstalk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different spacing requirements to different wire pairs based on their signal characteristics. High-speed differential pairs maintain larger spacing to reduce crosstalk, while lower-speed or shielded connections can use tighter spacing, optimizing both space utilization and signal integrity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a hierarchical bundling structure where wire pairs are grouped and nested within larger cable assemblies. This nested arrangement allows controlled spacing between adjacent signal pairs while maintaining compact overall cable dimensions through multi-level organization.
3Ease of manufacture
If the flat cable structure is used without metallic shell shielding, then manufacturing complexity is reduced, but EMI/RFI protection is insufficient for high-speed signals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs flexible metallic shielding layers or foils that can be integrated into the cable structure. These thin film shields provide effective EMI/RFI protection for high-speed signals while adding minimal complexity to the manufacturing process compared to rigid metallic shells.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Reduces material usage and crosstalk interference while effectively shielding against EMI/RFI, maintaining a lower height compared to dual-row structures and ensuring reliable high-speed signal transmission.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing coaxial wires with conductive layers connected to grounding sheets for shielding and grounding
Implementation Method 2
conductive layers connected to grounding sheets for shielding and grounding
Data Source
AI summary
A single-row electrical wire structure includes a first circuit board and a wire assembly. A board-to-board connector is on the first circuit board. The first circuit board includes a first group of contacts arranged into a single row. A distance between center portions of adjacent two contacts of the first group of contacts forms a width. The wires assembly includes a plurality of high-speed signal pairs and at least one low-speed signal pair respectively connected to the first group of contacts. A first spacing between a contact in the first group of contacts corresponding to a first high-speed signal pair of the high-speed signal pairs and a contact in the first group of contacts corresponding to a second high-speed signal pair of the high-speed signal pairs adjacent to the first high-speed signal pair is at least equal to or greater than 2 times of the width.