Single-Run Perforating and Fracturing Tool for Reservoir Stimulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing methods for multi-stage segmented reservoir stimulation require repeated runs of the tubing string for perforating and fracturing, increasing operation procedures and costs while decreasing fracturing accuracy and precision.
Innovation Solution
A tool for perforating, packing, and fracturing that allows the tubing string to be descended only once, featuring a packer with a rubber barrel assembly and pressure transmission holes, where the inner sleeve blocks nozzles initially and moves to expose them under pressure, enabling high-speed jet formation for perforation and subsequent fracturing fluid use for large displacement fracturing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the tubing string is run multiple times for perforating and sand fracturing, then both operations can be performed, but operation procedures and operation costs are increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines perforating and fracturing operations into a single integrated tool assembly. The perforating gun with nozzles and the packer with sliding sleeves are merged into one device that can perform both functions during a single tubing string descent, eliminating the need for separate operations and reducing overall procedure complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The tool assembly is designed with multi-functionality to perform perforating, packing, and fracturing operations. The same tubing string and tool assembly used for perforating can subsequently perform fracturing by opening sliding sleeves, making the system universal and eliminating repeated runs
2Productivity
If the tubing string is run multiple times for perforating and sand fracturing, then both operations can be performed, but operation costs are increased
Solution Approach 1:
By merging perforating and fracturing into one integrated operation using a single tubing string descent, the patent eliminates redundant equipment deployment costs, reduces operational labor costs, and minimizes the quantity of materials consumed during repeated operations
3Productivity
If the tubing string is run multiple times for perforating and sand fracturing, then both operations can be performed, but fracturing accuracy and precision are decreased
Solution Approach 1:
The perforating gun performs preliminary perforating operations to create reservoir holes before the fracturing phase. This preliminary action ensures precise positioning of subsequent fracturing operations, as the sliding sleeves are configured to align with the pre-formed perforations, maintaining high accuracy throughout the process
Solution Approach 2:
The tool assembly is segmented into multiple stages with individual sliding sleeves for different fracturing zones. Each sleeve can be independently opened to fracture specific layers at precise depths, maintaining high positioning accuracy for multi-stage fracturing operations without requiring repeated tubing string runs
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces operation procedures and costs while improving fracturing accuracy and precision by allowing both perforation and fracturing to be performed in a single descent, ensuring precise reservoir stimulation.
Implementation Method 1
the inner sleeve is configured to be movable relative to the upper connector to expose the nozzle under an action of a first pressure
Implementation Method 2
sand-carrying liquid can form a high-speed jet through the nozzle to enter the stratum
Implementation Method 3
the first pressure transmission hole is in communication with the internal flowbore of the inner sleeve so that the rubber barrel assembly deforms under an action of pressure and the packer is packed
Implementation Method 4
the rubber barrel assembly deforms under an action of pressure
Implementation Method 5
the fracturing fluid enters into the piston cylinder and pushes the piston to move downwards
Data Source
AI summary
A tool for perforating, packing and fracturing and a tubing string comprising the tool are disclosed. The tool comprises an upper connector, a connection sleeve, a mandrel, a packer, a lower connector, and an inner sleeve. The upper connector is provided with communication holes, and a nozzle is provided at each communication hole. The inner sleeve is provided on an inner wall of the upper connector to block the nozzle. Under an action of a fracturing fluid, the inner sleeve moves downwards to expose the nozzle, and the packer is packed. Then, perforating is performed through the nozzle. After perforating is finished, the nozzle is configured to be lost at a communication hole, and then fracturing is performed. When the tool is used, operation cost can be reduced, and reservoir stimulation effect can be improved.