Single Sensor Dosimeter for X-ray and Gamma Radiation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dosimeters often require multiple sensors and amplification stages to accurately measure ionizing radiation, leading to increased size, weight, and electrical consumption, and provide unreliable readings for low-intensity radiations, especially in the X-ray range, due to their limited spectral coverage.
Innovation Solution
A personal dosimeter with a single sensor and amplification stage for both sinusoidal X-radiation and gamma radiation, utilizing a PIN type diode and a radiation sensor filter, along with an electronic circuit for signal processing and correction, and an optional second sensor for square-wave X-radiation, to provide accurate dose measurement and minimize power consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple sensors and amplification stages are used to measure ionizing radiation, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a single sensor system that can detect multiple types of ionizing radiation (gamma rays, sinusoidal X-rays, and square-wave X-rays) through the use of a PIN diode with multiple filters. This eliminates the need for separate sensors for each radiation type, reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision across different radiation spectra.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses parameter changes by varying the filter materials (lead, copper, aluminum) and their thicknesses to adjust the sensor's spectral response. By changing the filter parameters, the single sensor can accurately measure different types of radiation, achieving multi-functionality without increasing the number of sensors.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple sensors are used to cover different radiation spectra, then adaptability is improved, but weight increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple radiation detection capabilities into a single sensor unit by combining the PIN diode with multiple filters (lead, copper, aluminum) of varying thicknesses. This consolidation allows the dosimeter to cover different radiation spectra without requiring separate sensors, thereby reducing overall device weight.
3Reliability
If multiple sensors and processing circuits are used, then measurement reliability is improved, but electrical consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates redundant amplification stages by using a single PIN diode sensor with filter-based spectral discrimination. This reduction in the number of active electronic components directly lowers electrical consumption while maintaining measurement reliability through the physical filtering mechanism rather than electronic signal processing.
4Device complexity
If a single sensor is used for all radiation types, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces filters (lead, copper, aluminum) as intermediary elements between the radiation source and the PIN diode sensor. These filters act as mediators that selectively attenuate different radiation types, allowing the single sensor to accurately distinguish and measure various radiation spectra with high precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dosimeter effectively measures and stores ionizing radiation doses with improved reliability and reduced size and weight, enabling efficient monitoring of moderate radiation exposure levels while minimizing electrical consumption and extending battery life to over 100 hours.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing a PIN type diode... for both sinusoidal X-radiation and gamma radiation
Implementation Method 2
utilizing a PIN type diode and a radiation sensor filter... discriminator of the doses in accordance with their wavelength and/or energy intensity
Data Source
AI summary
A dosimeter with at least one radiation sensor and a rechargeable electrical accumulator, includes a single sensor for sinusoidal X-radiation and for γ (gamma) radiation, a filter for the radiation sensor, a first amplification stage for the sensor, a circuit for processing the signal received by the sensor, and converting the signal into a dose value or a value that can be interpreted as a dose, a memory module in which the information on the dose received in the fixed period is stored, a circuit for recharging the electrical accumulator and a communications module, a dosimeter monitoring device, which includes at least one base for recharging the dosimeter with a recharging circuit, and a system for communication with the dosimeter.