Single Stage Power Conversion Unit with Ripple Smoothing Circuit
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current power conversion units (PCUs) face inefficiencies in two-stage topologies and excessive output ripple and insufficient holdup time in single-stage topologies, making them unsuitable for applications requiring controlled DC voltage and dynamic load handling.
Innovation Solution
A single stage rectifier circuit coupled with a ripple voltage smoothing and holdup circuit, which includes a diode bridge, transformer, capacitor, and switching devices driven by controllers to generate and maintain a stable DC output voltage, reducing ripple and ensuring voltage holdup for predefined intervals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If a two-stage topology is used in PCU, then output voltage stability is improved, but efficiency deteriorates due to multiplication of two stage efficiencies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the power conversion function into two separate circuits: a single-stage rectifier circuit for high-efficiency power conversion and a separate ripple voltage smoothing and holdup circuit for output stabilization. This segmentation allows each circuit to optimize for its specific function, avoiding the efficiency penalty of cascading two conversion stages while still achieving voltage stability through the dedicated smoothing circuit.
2Loss of energy
If a single-stage topology is used in PCU, then efficiency is improved, but output ripple voltage increases to unacceptable levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a dedicated ripple voltage smoothing and holdup circuit as an intermediary between the single-stage rectifier and the load. This intermediary circuit specifically targets and eliminates the harmful ripple voltage generated by the single-stage topology, allowing the system to maintain high efficiency while producing clean, stable output voltage suitable for sensitive digital devices.
3Loss of energy
If a single-stage topology is used in PCU, then efficiency is improved, but holdup time capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The ripple voltage smoothing and holdup circuit performs preliminary energy storage and voltage regulation, maintaining the output voltage at predefined levels for specified time intervals. This preliminary action ensures that when input power is interrupted or load conditions change abruptly, the output voltage remains stable for the required holdup period, enabling the single-stage topology to meet both efficiency and reliability requirements.
4Device complexity
If a single-stage converter is used, then device complexity is reduced, but frequency response becomes insufficient causing large voltage dips and overshoots
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a dedicated control circuit in the ripple voltage smoothing and holdup section that actively monitors and corrects output voltage variations. This intermediary control mechanism provides the necessary frequency response and dynamic regulation, preventing large voltage dips and overshoots while maintaining the simplicity of the single-stage rectifier topology.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves efficiency, reduces output ripple, and enhances dynamic load response, ensuring stable DC output voltage for extended periods, addressing the limitations of existing PCUs.
Implementation Method 1
The single stage rectifier circuit includes a diode bridge that generates rectified voltages from an AC source
Implementation Method 2
The rectified voltages are applied to the primary winding of a transformer whose secondary windings delivers current
Implementation Method 3
a capacitor which provides a DC output voltage
Implementation Method 4
energy is stored in the transformer and is transferred as a current to charge the output capacitor
Data Source
AI summary
A circuit arrangement includes a transformer, having primary windings and secondary windings, and a high voltage capacitor. A first switching circuit couples the high voltage capacitor to the primary windings. A first controller is operatively coupled to the switching circuit. A second switching circuit couples the secondary windings to an output port. A second controller is operatively coupled to the secondary windings. A high voltage generator is provided to charge the high voltage capacitor.