Single-Wire Bus Isolation for Portable Machine Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Portable electric machines face challenges in communicating across different potential ranges while ensuring galvanic isolation and minimizing the number of data lines required.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a single-wire data bus with galvanic isolation using optocouplers or magnetic transmitters for bidirectional communication between potential ranges, allowing for efficient data transmission and connection of additional communication devices, with microprocessors controlling components and processing sensor signals directly via the data bus.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple data lines are used to communicate between different potential ranges, then communication reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple communication functions into a single data bus that can transmit multiple signals bidirectionally. Instead of using separate data lines for different communication directions and functions, a single bus handles all data transmission between the first and second potential ranges, reducing the number of required lines while maintaining communication reliability through protocol-based signal management.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a communication device with transmission and reception units that act as intermediaries between different potential ranges. This intermediary manages signal transmission across the single data bus, enabling reliable communication between components at different potentials without requiring multiple dedicated lines for each communication path.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If galvanic isolation is implemented between potential ranges, then safety is improved, but communication efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional electrical/galvanic connection methods with optical transmission using optocouplers. Instead of direct electrical contact that would compromise safety, optical signals transmit data across the galvanic isolation barrier, maintaining safety while preserving communication efficiency through high-speed optical signal transmission that overcomes the isolation barrier.
Solution Approach 2:
The optocoupler acts as an intermediary device that converts electrical signals to optical signals and back, enabling efficient data transmission across the galvanic isolation barrier without direct electrical contact. This intermediary maintains safety by breaking the galvanic connection while preserving communication efficiency through optical signal transmission.
3Device complexity
If a single-wire bus is used for bidirectional transmission, then device complexity is reduced, but transmission capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic signal transmission on the single-wire bus where the transmission direction and function can change over time. The bus dynamically switches between transmitting different types of signals in different directions at different times, managed by control logic that coordinates transmission timing. This dynamic approach enables a single static wire to perform multiple transmission functions that would traditionally require multiple dedicated lines.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes in the signal characteristics (voltage levels, timing, encoding schemes) to convey different types of information over the single-wire bus. By varying signal parameters rather than requiring separate physical lines for different functions, the system achieves versatile transmission capability on a minimal physical infrastructure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables effective communication across different potential ranges with reduced data lines, ensuring safe operation by maintaining galvanic isolation and allowing for bidirectional communication, thereby enhancing the functionality and safety of portable electric machines.
Implementation Method 1
suitable transmission means being provided for galvanic isolation between the respective potential ranges, for example optocouplers
Implementation Method 2
suitable transmission means being provided for galvanic isolation between the respective potential ranges, for example optocouplers, magnetic transmitter or the like
Data Source
AI summary
The device has a potential region that is galvanically separated from another potential region. A bus communication unit has communication devices (289, 290) for respective potential regions to communicate over a data bus (36). The data bus is guided between the communication devices over a transmission part (280). The transmission part galvanically separates a primary bus section (281) e.g. single-core bus, from a secondary bus section (282), which is associated to the former potential region. The primary bus section is associated to the latter potential region.