Single-Wire Bus Arbitration for Real-Time Data Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
In communications systems using a single-wire serial bus, devices are limited by the need for a master device to control data transmission, leading to conflicts and difficulties in balancing real-time data updates with system overheads, especially when multiple devices need to communicate simultaneously.
Innovation Solution
A method where devices in the system compete to obtain the use right of the bus, with priority determined among candidate devices, allowing any device to independently transmit data without a master device, using a sending mode or silent mode based on priority, ensuring real-time updates and reduced control overheads.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a master device controls data transmission on the bus, then communication conflicts are avoided, but device complexity increases and real-time data updates are delayed
Solution Approach 1:
Each device on the bus independently determines whether to transmit data by checking if the bus is idle, without requiring a master device to allocate transmission rights. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for centralized control, reducing system complexity while maintaining communication reliability through decentralized arbitration
Solution Approach 2:
The master device role is completely removed from the system. Instead of having one device control all transmissions, each device extracts the ability to independently access the bus when needed, eliminating the hierarchical structure and reducing overall system complexity
2Reliability
If a master device periodically instructs slave devices to transmit data, then bus conflicts are avoided, but communication overhead increases and real-time updates are hindered
Solution Approach 1:
Devices can continuously monitor the bus and transmit data immediately when it becomes idle, eliminating periodic instruction cycles. This continuous readiness allows immediate data transmission when the bus is available, improving communication efficiency while maintaining reliability through conflict-free access
Solution Approach 2:
Devices perform preliminary checks to determine if the bus is idle before attempting transmission. This preliminary action prevents conflicts by ensuring the bus is available before use, eliminating the need for periodic master device instructions and improving overall communication efficiency
3Stability of the object's composition
If the master device always has bus use rights, then communication stability is maintained, but slave devices cannot independently transmit data in real-time
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of the master device having continuous control, each device is given equal opportunity to access the bus when needed. This inversion of the traditional master-slave hierarchy allows any device to become the active transmitter, providing real-time transmission capability while maintaining stability through decentralized arbitration
Data Source
AI summary
A communications method, device, and system are provided. A plurality of devices in a communications system are connected via a single-wire serial bus; if a target device in the communications system needs to send target data, it is determined whether the target device has a highest data sending priority among at least one first candidate device, where the at least one first candidate device includes all devices to send data in the communications system at a current moment; and based on a result of the determining, the target device performs in a sending mode or a silent mode, where in the sending mode, the target device sends the target data to the bus within a first preset duration and specifies a receiving device, and stops sending the target data to the bus when the first preset duration ends.