Bidirectional Single-Wire Interface for Real-Time Ignition Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current motor vehicle systems lack a fail-safe, real-time capable interface for bidirectional data transmission between control units and peripheral units, particularly in ignition systems, which are not suitable for immediate triggering and are not sufficiently fail-safe over long line distances.
Innovation Solution
A bidirectional single-wire interface is implemented using a predefined constant voltage or current to transmit coded information between an electronic control unit and a peripheral unit, allowing power supply to the peripheral unit during triggering, enabling real-time operation and independence from the vehicle's electrical system, with the same single-wire line used for both transmission and power supply.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional bus systems (e.g., CAN bus) are used for data transmission, then non-time-critical data exchange between spatially distributed systems is enabled, but real-time triggering capability is lost and fail-safe operation over long line distances is not ensured
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the power supply function and data transmission function into a single wire. The triggering signal simultaneously provides both power to the peripheral unit's electronics and carries bidirectional data information, eliminating the need for separate power and communication lines. This integration enables fail-safe operation while maintaining real-time capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The single wire serves multiple functions: it acts as both a power transmission line and a bidirectional data communication channel. The system can transmit control signals from the control unit to the peripheral unit and feedback signals from the peripheral unit to the control unit all through this single wire, achieving multi-functionality that resolves the contradiction between reliability and real-time performance.
2Adaptability or versatility
If separate power modules are provided for each peripheral unit, then power supply independence is achieved, but device complexity and system cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the need for separate power modules by combining the power supply function with the existing triggering signal infrastructure. The control unit's triggering signal, which was already being used for control purposes, is simultaneously utilized to power the peripheral unit's electronics, thereby reducing system complexity while maintaining adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The peripheral unit's electronics are powered by the triggering signal itself, which is already present in the system. This self-service approach allows the control unit to provide both control and power functions through the same signal, eliminating the need for additional dedicated power modules and reducing overall system complexity.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If vehicle electrical system filtering is implemented for each peripheral unit, then electrical interference protection is improved, but system complexity and installation complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the electrical filtering function into the control unit's existing infrastructure rather than requiring separate filtering components at each peripheral unit. The control unit's electrical system already incorporates necessary filtering capabilities, so by using the existing triggering signal path, the system achieves interference protection without adding per-unit filtering complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The control unit's electrical system serves multiple functions: it provides control signals, power supply, and electrical filtering/protection for the peripheral unit. This universal approach eliminates the need for dedicated filtering components at each peripheral unit, simplifying installation while maintaining protection against electrical interference.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution provides a fail-safe, real-time capable interface that eliminates the need for separate power modules and electrical system filtering, ensuring reliable operation and reduced risk of unintended activation, while being universally usable across different vehicle electrical systems.
Implementation Method 1
voltage-coded (and/or current-coded) information is produced, this voltage-coded (and/or current-coded) information being transmitted from the driver device of the control unit to a driver device of the peripheral unit via a single-wire line
Implementation Method 2
voltage-coded (and/or current-coded) information is produced, this voltage-coded (and/or current-coded) information being transmitted from the driver device of the control unit to a driver device of the peripheral unit via a single-wire line
Implementation Method 3
the peripheral unit being triggered by the triggering signal and being supplied with power during the triggering and, after the beginning of the triggering of the peripheral unit, information occurring thereon
Data Source
AI summary
A device and a method for bidirectional single-wire data transmission of data information between an electronic control unit and at least one peripheral unit. A predefined constant voltage and/or a predefined constant current is applied to a driver device of the electronic control unit to produce voltage-coded and/or current-coded information. The voltage-coded and/or current-coded information is transmitted from the driver device of the electronic control unit to a driver device 30 of the peripheral unit via a single-wire line. At least the driver logic of the driver device and/or the communication logic of the peripheral unit are triggered and powered through the current flow. Information occurring on the peripheral unit is current-coded and/or voltage coded due to the triggering thereof. The current-coded and/or voltage-coded information are uploaded from the driver device of the peripheral unit to the driver device of the electronic control unit during the triggering of the peripheral unit via the same single-wire line.