Single X-ray Grating DPC Imaging System
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional differential phase contrast X-ray imaging systems require two X-ray amplitude gratings, which are difficult and expensive to fabricate, limiting the field of view and image acquisition time due to high aspect ratios and low fringe visibility.
Innovation Solution
Replacing the conventional X-ray source with a photo-emitter X-ray source array (PeXSA) and the detector with a photonic-channeled X-ray detector array (PcXDA), eliminating the need for G0 and G2 amplitude gratings by creating equivalent spatial patterns optically, thus using only a single X-ray phase grating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If two X-ray amplitude gratings (G0 and G2) are used in conventional DPC imaging, then differential phase contrast imaging can be achieved, but the field of view is limited and manufacturing difficulty increases due to high aspect ratios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the two amplitude gratings (G0 and G2) from the conventional DPC imaging system, extracting only the essential phase modulation function. This is achieved by using a single phase grating combined with a scanning mechanism that moves the grating through three positions (0, d/2, and d positions), thereby eliminating the need for complex high aspect ratio amplitude gratings while maintaining DPC imaging capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic scanning of the single phase grating to replace the static configuration of two amplitude gratings. The grating is scanned through three specific positions during image acquisition, allowing the system to achieve the same imaging function with a simpler, movable component instead of two complex fixed components
2Reliability
If two high aspect ratio amplitude gratings are used, then DPC imaging is possible, but imaging speed is reduced due to phase stepping requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic scanning of the phase grating through three positions (0, d/2, d) to acquire the necessary interferometric data. This scanning approach replaces the traditional phase stepping method required by amplitude gratings, enabling faster image acquisition while maintaining the ability to extract differential phase contrast information from the scanned interference patterns
3Reliability
If conventional amplitude gratings are used, then DPC imaging can be performed, but intensity contrast of interference patterns is reduced due to low fringe visibility
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of grating type from amplitude modulation to phase modulation. The single phase grating introduces phase shifts that create interference patterns with superior visibility and intensity contrast compared to amplitude gratings. This parameter change in the grating's optical function directly improves fringe visibility while maintaining DPC imaging capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly enhances the field of view and reduces image acquisition time by eliminating the need for high aspect ratio gratings, improving X-ray image visibility and coherence, allowing for faster image acquisition.
Implementation Method 1
a photocathode configured to receive the optical spatially patterned beam and to provide patterned electron emission
Implementation Method 2
electron optics configured to receive the patterned electron emission and to provide an electron image of accelerated electrons
Implementation Method 3
an X-ray phase grating disposed between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector
Implementation Method 4
improving the degree of spatial coherence and intensity contrast of X-ray interference patterns
Implementation Method 5
a scintillator configured to receive X-rays and to provide corresponding optical radiation
Implementation Method 6
where a Fourier transform of the optical radiation is formed at the location of the phase coded aperture, and where a Fourier transform of optical radiation transmitted through the phase coded aperture is formed as the optical image
Implementation Method 7
an optical grating mask configured to mask the optical image according to a grating mask pattern
Data Source
AI summary
Single X-ray grating differential phase contrast (DPC) X-ray imaging is provided by replacing the conventional X-ray source with a photo-emitter X-ray source array (PeXSA), and by replacing the conventional X-ray detector with a photonic-channeled X-ray detector array (PcXDA). These substitutions allow for the elimination of the G0 and G2 amplitude X-ray gratings used in conventional DPC X-ray imaging. Equivalent spatial patterns are formed optically in the PeXSA and the PcXDA. The result is DPC imaging that only has a single X-ray grating (i.e., the G1 X-ray phase grating).