SiOx Carbon Composite Negative Electrode for Lithium Ion Battery Cycle Durability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Lithium ion secondary batteries using a negative electrode with SiOx and carbon materials face challenges in achieving sufficient cycle durability when combined with a solid solution positive electrode active material, leading to performance issues.

Innovation Solution

A lithium ion secondary battery design incorporating a negative electrode active material layer with a mixture of SiOx and carbon, and a positive electrode active material layer with a solid solution composition, along with an electrolytic solution containing 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane-2,2,4,4-tetraoxide and lithium difluorophosphate, to enhance cycle durability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If Si material is used for negative electrode to achieve high capacity, then energy density is improved, but cycle durability deteriorates due to large volumetric change

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery capacityVSAvoidcycle durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite negative electrode material consisting of SiOx particles (where x is 0 to 2) combined with carbon material. The SiOx provides high capacity through lithium alloying reactions while the carbon component accommodates volume expansion and maintains structural integrity during cycling, thus achieving both high energy density and good cycle durability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the composition parameter of the negative electrode by using SiOx with variable oxygen content (x = 0 to 2) instead of pure Si. This parameter change allows optimization of the balance between capacity and volume stability, as the oxygen content can be adjusted to control the degree of volume expansion during lithium alloying.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Quantity of substance

If SiOx and carbon materials are combined in negative electrode, then energy density is improved, but cycle durability is insufficient when combined with solid solution positive electrode active material

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy densityVSAvoidcycle durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the composition ratio between SiOx and carbon materials in the negative electrode, and matches it with a solid solution positive electrode active material having specific compositional parameters. This coordinated parameter optimization ensures that the electrochemical reactions are balanced, preventing premature failure while maintaining high energy density.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If carbon graphite-based material is used for negative electrode, then charge and discharge cycle life is improved, but theoretical capacity cannot be ensured

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecycle lifeVSAvoidtheoretical capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite negative electrode material combining SiOx (providing high theoretical capacity through lithium alloying) with carbon material (providing structural stability and long cycle life). This composite structure allows the system to achieve both high capacity and excellent cycle durability, overcoming the limitations of using either material alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The battery exhibits improved cycle durability and high energy density, making it suitable for vehicle applications while maintaining high initial capacity and long-term reliability.

Implementation Method 1

when 1 mol of Si absorbs and desorbs 4.4 mol of lithium ions in accordance with the reaction formula (A) and a reversible capacity component of Li22Si5(= Li4.4Si) with a theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh/g is generated

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAlloying reaction:

Implementation Method 2

a separator impregnated with an electrolytic solution

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonic conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP3098882B1Electrical device
Publication Date: 2019.09.18 NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP3098882B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3098882B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3098882B1 patent drawing

AI summary

To provide a means capable of further improving cycle durability in an electrical device such as a lithium ion secondary battery containing a positive electrode using a solid solution positive electrode active material. An electrical device has a power generating element containing a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material is formed on a surface of a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material is formed on a surface of a negative electrode current collector, and a separator impregnated with an electrolytic solution. The negative electrode active material layer contains a negative electrode active material represented by formula (1). The positive electrode active material layer contains a positive electrode active material (solid solution positive electrode active material) represented by formula (2). As the solid solution positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode active material layer, a material having a composition represented by formula (3) as a basic structure is used. The electrolytic solution contains a predetermined additive.