Six-Phase Machine Control Switching for Fault-Tolerant Torque

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing multi-phase electric machines, particularly six-phase AC machines, face significant performance variations under healthy and faulty conditions, necessitating optimal control strategies with fault handling capabilities.

Innovation Solution

A controller is employed to apply different control strategies, switching between a six-phase control technique for healthy conditions and a three-phase control technique for faulty conditions, by disabling the faulty three-phase machine and maintaining phase-shifted operation for the healthy one.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If a single six-phase control method is used, then the control is simple under healthy conditions, but the performance degrades significantly under faulty conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol simplicityVSAvoidperformance under faulty conditions
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control system dynamically switches between different control strategies based on the operational state. A controller monitors the health status of the six-phase machine and automatically transitions from a unified six-phase control method under healthy conditions to separate three-phase control methods under faulty conditions, ensuring optimal performance across all operational states

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes control parameters based on fault detection. When a fault is detected in one of the three-phase machines, the control strategy changes from treating all six phases uniformly to applying distinct control parameters to the healthy three-phase machine, thereby maintaining reliability under faulty conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If different control strategies are implemented for healthy and faulty conditions, then reliability under faulty conditions is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveperformance under faulty conditionsVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The six-phase machine is segmented into two independent three-phase machines for control purposes. This segmentation allows the control system to apply different control strategies to each three-phase machine, simplifying the fault handling process while maintaining reliability. The controller can independently manage each three-phase machine, reducing the overall control complexity compared to managing all six phases simultaneously under fault conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The control system is designed with multi-functionality to handle both healthy and faulty conditions using a unified controller architecture. The same controller can operate in different modes (unified six-phase control or separate three-phase control) based on system needs, avoiding the need for completely separate control systems and thereby limiting the increase in device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Productivity

If all six phases are controlled simultaneously, then torque production is optimized under healthy conditions, but torque ripple increases under faulty conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque productionVSAvoidtorque ripple
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

When a fault is detected in one three-phase machine, the faulty machine is extracted from the active control system. The controller disables the faulty three-phase machine and continues to operate the healthy three-phase machine independently, thereby eliminating the source of torque ripple while maintaining productive torque output from the remaining healthy phases

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentEP4018543B1Flexible control for a six-phase machine
Publication Date: 2025.12.10 CUMMINS INC
  • EP4018543B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4018543B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4018543B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method of controlling a multi-phase electric machine includes implementing a first control method to control the operation of a six-phase machine that is configured as a combination of two three-phase machines. The method also includes determining whether a fault exists in the six-phase machine. In response to determining that the fault exists in the six- phase machine, the method includes implementing a second and different control method to control the operation of the six-phase machine.