Size-Selective Hemocompatible Polymeric Adsorbent for Midsize Protein Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional polymeric adsorbents used in hemoperfusion lack selectivity for midsize proteins like beta-2-microglobulin and cytochrome-c, often adsorbing both toxins and beneficial proteins due to broad pore size distributions, which is inadequate for long-term clinical treatments and can lead to side effects and sterility issues.
Innovation Solution
Development of size-selective porous polymeric adsorbents with pore diameters ranging from 250 to 2000 Angstroms, featuring a transport pore volume of 1.8% to 78% of the capacity pore volume, and an external surface with a negative ionic charge to exclude albumin and adsorb proteins smaller than 50,000 Daltons, constructed using aromatic monomers and crosslinking agents like divinylbenzene, ensuring biocompatibility and hemocompatibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional polymeric adsorbents with broad pore size distributions are used, then adsorption capacity is high, but selectivity for midsize proteins is poor and beneficial proteins are also adsorbed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs porous polymeric adsorbents with specifically engineered pore size distributions, concentrating pore volumes in the 100-500 Angstrom range to achieve size-selective adsorption of midsize proteins (3000-50000 Daltons) while excluding larger beneficial proteins through steric hindrance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the pore size distribution parameter of the adsorbent material, creating a narrow distribution centered at 100-500 Angstroms rather than the broad distribution of conventional adsorbents, thereby achieving both adequate capacity and high selectivity for midsize proteins
2Quantity of substance
If adsorbents with large pore surfaces are used, then adsorption capacity increases, but selectivity decreases due to broad pore size distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates local quality differentiation within the pore structure by concentrating pore volumes in specific size ranges (100-500 Angstroms) rather than distributing them broadly, enabling size-selective adsorption at specific pore locations while maintaining overall adsorption capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses porous polymeric adsorbents with engineered pore structures where the pore size distribution is narrowly concentrated at 100-500 Angstroms, providing both sufficient adsorption capacity and high selectivity for midsize proteins through steric exclusion of larger molecules
3Productivity
If conventional adsorbents are used for short term treatments, then immediate toxin removal is effective, but long term treatments cause side effects and sterility issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the pore size distribution parameter to concentrate volumes at 100-500 Angstroms, enabling selective adsorption of toxins and cytokines while excluding beneficial blood components, thereby allowing prolonged treatment without depleting essential proteins or causing adverse effects
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These adsorbents effectively sorb cytokines and beta-2-microglobulin while excluding larger blood proteins, maintaining clinically acceptable levels of albumin, immunoglobulins, and other essential components, providing enhanced selectivity and safety for long-term hemoperfusion treatments.
Implementation Method 1
The polymer excludes albumin from entering its pores due to the polymer's pore size and electrostatic repulsion
Implementation Method 2
The polymer excludes albumin from entering its pores due to the polymer's pore size and electrostatic repulsion
Implementation Method 3
The polymer has effective pores, said effective pores having a diameter from greater than about 100 Angstroms to about 250 Angstroms and an internal surface area greater than about 200 meters squared per gram of polymer. The polymer is used in direct contact with whole blood to adsorb cytokines and beta-2-microglobulin
Data Source
AI summary
A size-selective hemocompatible porous polymeric adsorbent system is provided, the polymer system comprises at least one polymer with a plurality of pores, and the polymer has at least one transport pore with a diameter from about 250 Angstroms to about 2000 Angstroms, and the polymer has a transport pore volume greater than about 1.8% to about 78% of a capacity pore of volume of the polymer.