Skin-Coupled Patch Antenna With Impedance Matching Layer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing patch antennas for near-field radiation of millimeter waves have low efficiency and testability issues when radiating towards human skin, with the power density and power density not being optimized for effective transmission, and existing test protocols are not adapted for skin, and existing test protocols are not suitable for skin radiation.
Innovation Solution
A patch antenna with an impedance transformer element that adapts the impedance of the antenna to match the impedance of human skin, reducing transmission losses and improving efficiency, and a modular design with flexible connections to fit the shape of the skin, allowing for effective and efficient radiation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the antenna radiates towards air using classical protocols, then the antenna can be tested with standard methods, but the efficiency of transmission to skin is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an impedance transformer element as an intermediary between the antenna and the skin. This element has an intrinsic impedance value between that of air and dry skin, serving as a mediator to gradually transition the impedance mismatch. The transformer element is positioned between the radiating patches and the skin surface, enabling efficient energy transfer while maintaining testability through its air-facing interface.
2Ease of manufacture
If the antenna is designed for air radiation, then classical test protocols can be used, but the power density optimization for skin radiation is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the impedance parameter of the transformation path by introducing an element with intrinsic impedance between air and skin. This parameter change enables the system to adapt from air-radiation mode (testable with classical protocols) to skin-radiation mode (optimized power density), resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacturing/testing and productivity/efficiency.
3Device complexity
If the antenna transmits electromagnetic radiation to air, then the antenna structure can be simple, but transmission losses to skin are avoided only in air, not to skin
Solution Approach 1:
The impedance transformer element acts as a mediator that reduces transmission losses to skin without significantly complicating the antenna structure. The element is integrated into the existing patch antenna design, adding minimal structural complexity while effectively addressing the energy loss problem through its impedance-matching properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna achieves improved efficiency and testability by adapting impedance to human skin, reducing production costs, and facilitating integration into portable devices, ensuring effective radiation without air gaps.
Implementation Method 1
as this latter behaves as an impedance transformer, the impedance of the antenna is adapted to the impedance of the skin of the user
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention deals with a patch antenna (28) for a near field radiation, comprising an element (52) having a surface intended to cover a skin of a user, the element (52) being arranged to make the impedance of the antenna (58) matching an impedance of skin.