Slave Module Clock Signal Generation for Duty-Cycled Wireless

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless radios for implantable and disposable applications are bulky and costly due to the need for crystal-based oscillators, which are expensive and increase the size and cost of the radio, and current crystal-less solutions result in high power consumption and short battery life without a wakeup timer.

Innovation Solution

A system comprising a master and slave module where the slave module generates a clock signal with a period equal to the time interval of data packets transmitted by the master module, allowing for sleep/wakeup control without a crystal-based oscillator, using an on-chip CMOS oscillator for precise timing and reducing the overall size and cost of the radio.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If crystal-based oscillators are used for wakeup timer, then timing precision is improved, but size and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetiming precisionVSAvoidradio size
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a copy of the master node's timing signal by generating a local clock signal that replicates the packet transmission pattern. The slave node captures the rising and falling edges of received packets and uses these to generate a local clock signal that copies the master's timing, eliminating the need for a separate crystal oscillator while maintaining synchronization precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The received packet signal serves multiple functions: it provides both the data communication and the timing reference for the wakeup timer. The same signal that carries information also defines the clock edges, making the system multi-functional and eliminating the need for dedicated timing components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If crystal-based oscillators are used for wakeup timer, then timing precision is improved, but cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetiming precisionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a copy of the master node's timing signal by generating a local clock signal that replicates the packet transmission pattern. The slave node captures the rising and falling edges of received packets and uses these to generate a local clock signal that copies the master's timing, eliminating the need for a separate crystal oscillator while maintaining synchronization precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the timing information directly from the received packet signal, separating the timing function from the data communication function. By taking out only the essential timing edges from the packet signal, the system eliminates the need for expensive crystal oscillators while preserving timing precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Area of stationary object

If RC oscillator is used without wakeup timer, then size is reduced, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradio sizeVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic sleep/wakeup cycles by using the local clock signal to trigger the wakeup timer at regular intervals corresponding to the master's packet transmission period. The slave node sleeps during intervals and wakes up periodically to check for packets, enabling duty-cycled operation that reduces power consumption while maintaining small size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary synchronization by capturing packet edges and generating the local clock signal before duty-cycled operation begins. This preliminary action establishes the timing reference needed for subsequent periodic sleep/wakeup cycles, enabling low-power operation without requiring a crystal oscillator.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Area of stationary object

If RC oscillator is used without wakeup timer, then size is reduced, but battery lifetime decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradio sizeVSAvoidbattery lifetime
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic sleep/wakeup cycles by using the local clock signal to trigger the wakeup timer at regular intervals corresponding to the master's packet transmission period. The slave node sleeps during intervals and wakes up periodically to check for packets, enabling duty-cycled operation that reduces power consumption while maintaining small size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables the slave node to self-synchronize with the master node by automatically capturing packet edges and generating its own clock signal. This self-service capability eliminates the need for external calibration or continuous active operation, extending battery lifetime while maintaining small size through duty-cycled operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP3849249B1System and method for generating time reference in duty-cycled wireless communications
Publication Date: 2023.06.14 STICHTING IMEC NEDERLAND
  • EP3849249B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3849249B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3849249B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A system (10) is provided for generating time reference in duty-cycled wireless communications. The system (10) comprises at least one master module (11) comprising a master transceiver (13) adapted to transmit data packets. The system (10) further comprises at least one slave module (12) comprising a slave transceiver (14) adapted to receive the data packets. The slave module (12) further comprises a signal generating means (16) adapted to generate a clock signal with a period equal to the time interval of two data packets transmitted by the master module (11). Moreover, the slave module (12) further comprises a slave timer (18) adapted to utilize the clock signal as a time reference in order to perform the sleep/wakeup control for the slave module (12).