Sliding Magnet Vibration Sensor for Wideband Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vibration sensors with rigid structures are limited in detecting low-frequency and wideband vibrations, requiring a bias for operation, which restricts their application, especially in scenarios with limited power supply or within miniaturized microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
Innovation Solution
A vibration sensor design featuring a magnet sliding within a recess on a circuit board, with a coil layer connected to the board, generating an induced signal without the need for bias, utilizing a lubricating layer to reduce friction and a protective magnetic layer to enhance sensitivity, allowing detection of frequencies greater than or equal to 1 Hz.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If a rigid structure is used in the vibration sensor, then the structural stability is improved, but the detection capability for low-frequency and wideband vibrations deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the rigid structure with a flexible magnet that can slide within a recess. This flexible design allows the magnet to respond to low-frequency and wideband vibrations that would be undetectable by rigid structures, while the recess provides structural stability and guides the magnet's movement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a dynamic element (the sliding magnet) that can move freely within the recess in response to external vibrations. This dynamic capability enables the sensor to detect a broader range of vibration frequencies, including low-frequency vibrations, while maintaining structural integrity through the recess constraint.
2Reliability
If a bias is supplied to the vibration sensor, then the operation stability is improved, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a bias-free operation principle where the magnet's natural movement within the recess generates the sensing signal directly through electromagnetic induction. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for external bias power supply, reducing energy consumption while maintaining reliable operation through the passive electromagnetic sensing mechanism.
3Measurement precision
If the magnet slides freely without constraint, then the detection sensitivity is improved, but the structural stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the sensing function from the structural support function. The magnet is separated into a distinct sliding component within the recess, allowing it to move freely for high detection sensitivity, while the recess itself provides the necessary structural stability and positional constraint.
Solution Approach 2:
The recess acts as an intermediary structure that mediates between the need for magnet freedom of movement and the requirement for structural stability. It provides guided movement that allows sensitive detection while maintaining overall structural integrity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The sensor achieves sensitive detection of low-frequency and wideband vibrations without bias, expanding its application range to include miniaturized MEMS and scenarios with limited power supply, while maintaining a compact and efficient design.
Implementation Method 1
the sliding of the magnet changes the magnetic flux through a coil layer, thereby generating an induced signal
Implementation Method 2
utilizing a lubricating layer to reduce friction
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a vibration sensor, which comprises a circuit board having an accommodating space. A sensing assembly is disposed in the accommodating space. A recess for magnet sliding is disposed in the sensing assembly. Dispose a magnet in the recess and then dispose a coil layer on an arbitrary side or both sides of the sensing assembly. Furthermore, a lubricating layer is coated on the recess. Alternatively, the recess can be a vacuum structure or a hollow cross-sectional structure for reducing the friction between the recess and the magnet. Alternatively, the coil layer can be coated with a protective layer or multiple layers can be stacked. Without increasing the area of the sensor, the sensing on the variation of magnetic flux can be improved. Accordingly, the vibration sensor according to the present invention can achieve wideband detection of vibrations.