Slip Stream Filtration Layout for Faster CO2 Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing carbon capture technologies face challenges in efficiently capturing carbon dioxide from ambient air due to low concentration levels, leading to slower uptake rates and capacities, and high energy consumption from pressure drops.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of 'slip streams' between or within sorbent cartridges to alter fluid flow, either upstream or downstream of a blower, to enhance carbon dioxide concentration, uptake rate, and capacity, while optimizing pressure drop and energy efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If ambient air is used for carbon capture, then the capture process can be implemented, but the low CO2 concentration leads to slow uptake rates and low capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The filtration system is divided into multiple sequential filters (first filter, second filter, etc.) with conduits between them. Each filter section processes a portion of the stream, and the slip stream is introduced between sections to refresh the CO2 concentration in the main stream, effectively segmenting the capture process to maintain high uptake rates throughout.
Solution Approach 2:
A slip stream is introduced as an intermediary fluid between the first and second filters. This slip stream, which has higher CO2 concentration, mixes with the depleted main stream to refresh and re-concentrate CO2, thereby maintaining high uptake rates without requiring the entire system to process low-concentration ambient air continuously.
2Productivity
If pressure is increased to improve CO2 concentration, then capture efficiency improves, but energy consumption increases due to higher pressure drops
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically manages pressure and flow by introducing a slip stream that creates a pressure differential. This dynamic approach allows the system to maintain optimal pressure drops across each filter section without requiring excessively high overall pressure, thereby improving capture efficiency while controlling energy consumption through optimized pressure management.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention utilizes pneumatic principles by introducing a slip stream that creates pressure differentials to drive flow through the filter sections. This pneumatic approach allows efficient CO2 transfer without requiring high mechanical pressure, reducing the energy consumption associated with high-pressure systems while maintaining high capture efficiency through pressure-driven mass transfer.
3Quantity of substance
If multiple filters are used to improve filtration, then CO2 concentration increases, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The filtration system is segmented into multiple identical or similar filter units arranged in sequence, each handling a portion of the stream. This modular segmentation achieves high CO2 concentration through repeated filtration stages while keeping individual filter units simple and manageable, reducing overall system complexity through standardization.
Solution Approach 2:
The slip stream acts as an intermediary that simplifies the operation of multiple filters by providing a mechanism to refresh CO2 concentration between stages. This allows the system to maintain high concentration levels across multiple filters without requiring complex control mechanisms, as the slip stream automatically replenishes CO2 without needing sophisticated regulation of each individual filter section.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach increases carbon dioxide concentration across sorbent beds, enhances uptake rates and capacities, minimizes mechanical degradation, and optimizes blower performance and efficiency by modulating pressure drop and flow rate.
Implementation Method 1
at least one conduit configured to alter the flow of the stream within the filtration system
Implementation Method 2
ambient air is blown over a sorbent material that selectively captures CO2
Implementation Method 3
optimizing pressure drop and energy efficiency
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure herein relates generally to a filtration system for filtering a stream comprising at least one of a gas, plasma, and liquid. The filtration system includes a plurality of filters, disposed sequentially throughout the filtration system, for filtering a flow of the stream through the filtration system, and at least one conduit disposed between a first filter and second filter of the plurality of filters, the at least one conduit configured to alter the flow of the stream within the filtration system.