Slotless Motor Coil Winding Pattern for Higher Blood Flow Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current intravascular blood pumps, such as the Impella pump, face challenges in increasing blood flow rates without compromising motor efficiency due to heat generation and resistive losses, especially when operating at higher rotor speeds.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a slotless permanent magnet motor with a stator winding configuration featuring two coils per phase per magnet pole pair, connected in series, which reduces resistive load and joule heating, enhancing motor efficiency and increasing torque constant by 15.5% compared to conventional motors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If rotor speed is increased to achieve higher blood flow rates, then productivity is improved, but temperature increases due to joule heating
Solution Approach 1:
The stator winding is divided into 2np coils arranged in series, creating multiple discrete current paths that distribute the electrical load and reduce localized heating, allowing higher overall power delivery without excessive temperature rise
Solution Approach 2:
The winding configuration changes the electrical parameters by arranging 2np coils in series, which modifies the current distribution and resistance characteristics to reduce joule heating while maintaining or increasing the torque constant for higher blood flow rates
2Productivity
If motor modifications are made to achieve higher flow rates, then productivity is improved, but loss of energy increases due to resistive losses
Solution Approach 1:
The stator winding is segmented into 2np coils connected in series, which optimizes the distribution of current and reduces resistive losses by creating a more efficient electrical pathway that maintains lower energy dissipation at higher operating speeds
Solution Approach 2:
The series connection of 2np coils changes the electrical parameters of the motor, optimizing the balance between power output and resistive losses to improve overall efficiency at higher rotor speeds required for increased blood flow rates
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for higher blood flow rates while maintaining or improving motor efficiency, reducing heat generation and resistive losses, thus enhancing the performance of intravascular blood pumps.
Implementation Method 1
a stator winding configured to magnetically interact with a rotor for rotation thereof
Implementation Method 2
the current flow in the first coil and the current flow in the second coil interacting with opposite polarities of the magnetic flux of the rotor for producing torque
Implementation Method 3
a permanent magnet rotor supported for rotation and configured to generate a magnetic flux for interaction with the stator winding
Implementation Method 4
increasing the rotor speed has several implications that may affect the operation of such small sized pumps. For example, increasing the rotor speed may involve the increase in generation of heat (joule heating) within the electric motor
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided an intravascular blood pump for insertion into a patient's body. The system comprises a slotless motor having p magnet pole pairs and n phases, where p is an integer greater than zero, and n is an integer≥3. The motor comprises a stator winding having 2np coils wound to form two coils per phase per magnet pole pair such that a coil from each phase is circumferentially arranged next to a coil from a different phase in a sequential order of phase, the arrangement repeated along the stator winding such that each coil spans 360°/(2np) about the cross section of the stator winding. The motor also comprises a permanent magnet rotor supported for rotation and configured to generate a magnetic flux for interaction with the stator winding. The two coils per phase per magnet pole pair are connected in series.