Slurry Catalyst Hydrothermal Digestion Stabilizes Carbohydrates

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Solution Overview

Problem

The efficient conversion of cellulosic biomass into fuel blends is hindered by issues such as thermal degradation of soluble carbohydrates, catalyst poisoning, and the need for high conversion percentages, which existing technologies have not adequately addressed, leading to energy and cost inefficiencies and process complexity.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the use of a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen, distributed within cellulosic biomass solids using upwardly directed fluid flow in a hydrothermal digestion unit, where in situ catalytic reduction reactions stabilize soluble carbohydrates and reduce thermal decomposition, thereby enhancing yield and energy efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If high conversion percentages are pursued to efficiently convert cellulosic biomass into fuel blends, then productivity is improved, but thermal degradation of soluble carbohydrates increases and energy input requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconversion rateVSAvoidenergy input requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

A slurry catalyst is introduced as an intermediary substance that mediates the hydrothermal digestion process. The catalyst promotes efficient conversion of cellulosic biomass to soluble carbohydrates while stabilizing these carbohydrates through catalytic reduction reactions, preventing thermal degradation and reducing energy input requirements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the chemical parameters of the digestion system by introducing a slurry catalyst that modifies the reaction pathway. This enables the process to operate at lower temperatures and shorter times while achieving high conversion percentages, thereby reducing energy input and preventing thermal degradation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If high conversion percentages are pursued to efficiently convert cellulosic biomass into fuel blends, then productivity is improved, but thermal degradation of soluble carbohydrates increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconversion rateVSAvoidthermal degradation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The slurry catalyst acts as a protective intermediary that stabilizes soluble carbohydrates during the digestion process. Through catalytic reduction reactions, the catalyst prevents thermal degradation of the carbohydrates while maintaining high conversion rates

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The catalyst provides beforehand cushioning by continuously stabilizing soluble carbohydrates as they are formed during digestion. This preventive action protects the carbohydrates from thermal degradation before it can occur, enabling high conversion percentages without compromising product integrity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If separate catalytic reduction steps are used to stabilize soluble carbohydrates, then thermal degradation is reduced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal degradationVSAvoidprocess steps
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the hydrothermal digestion step and the catalytic reduction step into a single integrated process. The slurry catalyst performs both functions simultaneously within one reactor, eliminating the need for separate process steps and reducing device complexity while still preventing thermal degradation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Productivity

If digestion processes operate at high temperatures to increase conversion rates, then productivity is improved, but heat transfer losses increase and energy efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconversion rateVSAvoidheat transfer losses
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The slurry catalyst changes the temperature parameter requirements for the digestion process. By providing catalytic activity, the catalyst enables efficient conversion at lower temperatures, thereby reducing heat transfer losses and improving energy efficiency while maintaining high productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively stabilizes soluble carbohydrates, increases conversion rates, and reduces energy input requirements, leading to higher yields and improved process economics by minimizing heat transfer losses and eliminating the need for separate catalytic reduction steps.

Implementation Method 1

a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen... in situ catalytic reduction reactions stabilize soluble carbohydrates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Implementation Method 2

distributing the slurry catalyst within the cellulosic biomass solids using upwardly directed fluid flow

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow: Convection

Implementation Method 3

heating the cellulosic biomass solids in the hydrothermal digestion unit... thereby forming a liquor phase comprising soluble carbohydrates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrolysis: Hydrolysis

Implementation Method 4

thermal degradation of soluble carbohydrates... thermal decomposition

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal decomposition: Pyrolysis

Data Source

PatentEP2867405B1Methods for hydrothermal digestion of cellulosic biomass solids in the presence of a distributed slurry catalyst
Publication Date: 2019.08.14 SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV

AI summary

Digesting cellulosic biomass solids in the presence of a well-distributed slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen may limit the amount of degradation products that form during digestion. Methods for digesting cellulosic biomass solids can comprise: providing cellulosic biomass solids and a slurry catalyst in a hydrothermal digestion unit, the slurry catalyst being capable of activating molecular hydrogen; distributing the slurry catalyst within the cellulosic biomass solids using upwardly directed fluid flow in the hydrothermal digestion unit; heating the cellulosic biomass solids in the hydrothermal digestion unit in the presence of the slurry catalyst, a digestion solvent, and molecular hydrogen, thereby forming a liquor phase comprising soluble carbohydrates; and performing a first catalytic reduction reaction on the soluble carbohydrates within the hydrothermal digestion unit, thereby at least partially forming a reaction product comprising a triol, a diol, a monohydric alcohol, or any combination thereof in the hydrothermal digestion unit.