Slurry Repellant Layer and Ultrasonic Agitation for Additive Manufacturing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing additive manufacturing techniques face challenges when working with thin or highly viscous slurries, as they require high forces to achieve the necessary layer thickness, which can damage the object being formed or prevent proper curing due to radiation absorption and penetration issues.

Innovation Solution

A slurry repellant layer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is applied to the substrate, allowing for easier pushing of the object into the slurry and agitation to reduce the force required, combined with an agitator system like ultrasonic vibration to facilitate thin layer formation and curing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If high force is applied to push the object into the slurry to achieve necessary layer thickness, then the layer thickness can be controlled, but the object being formed may be damaged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelayer thickness controlVSAvoidobject integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

A slurry repellant layer is introduced as an intermediary between the substrate and the slurry. This layer reduces the friction and adhesion between the slurry and substrate, allowing the object to be pushed into the slurry with significantly reduced force, thereby preventing damage to the object while still achieving the desired layer thickness

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

Agitation is applied to the slurry during the pressing process. This mechanical vibration reduces the viscosity of the slurry and facilitates its flow, allowing the object to be pushed into the slurry with less force while maintaining proper layer thickness and distribution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

2Reliability

If thin layers of slurry are used to allow radiation penetration for curing, then proper curing can be achieved, but high force is required to push the object into the slurry

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecuring qualityVSAvoidpressing force
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The slurry repellant layer serves as a mediator that reduces the friction between the substrate and the thin slurry layer. This allows the object to be pushed into the thin slurry layer with reduced force, making it feasible to use thin layers for proper radiation penetration and curing without requiring excessive pressing force

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

Agitation of the slurry during pressing reduces its viscosity and facilitates flow into the thin layer configuration. This enables the formation of thin slurry layers that can be properly cured by radiation while requiring minimal pressing force

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

3Stability of the object's composition

If highly viscous slurry compositions are used to achieve desired material properties, then the slurry can be used for manufacturing, but high force is required to push the object into the slurry

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveslurry compositionVSAvoidpressing force
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

Agitation is applied to the highly viscous slurry during the pressing process. This mechanical vibration temporarily reduces the slurry's viscosity, allowing the object to be pushed into the slurry with reduced force while maintaining the desired slurry composition and material properties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

Solution Approach 2:

The slurry repellant layer acts as an intermediary that reduces friction between the substrate and the viscous slurry. This allows the object to be pushed into the highly viscous slurry with significantly reduced force compared to pushing directly into the slurry without the repellant layer

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enables the creation of high-quality three-dimensional objects by reducing the risk of damage and ensuring thorough curing of thin, highly viscous slurry layers, even with radiation-absorbing materials, by minimizing the force needed to form each layer and enhancing slurry agitation.

Implementation Method 1

a slurry repellant layer 3 is provided on a surface of the substrate... the slurry repellant layer 3 has the effect that the slurry can be pushed away more easily

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface tension: Surface Tension

Implementation Method 2

an agitator system arranged to agitate the predetermined amount of slurry... combined with an agitator system like ultrasonic vibration

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectUltrasonic vibration: Ultrasonic Vibration

Implementation Method 3

curing the layer onto the object being formed... exposure unit arranged to cure a layer of slurry

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhoto-polymerisation: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP3322574B1Method and apparatus for forming thin layers of slurries for additive manufacturing
Publication Date: 2019.08.07 ADMATEC EURO
  • EP3322574B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

Additive manufacturing apparatus for providing a three dimensional object, and method for additive manufacturing of a three dimensional object (5). An exposure unit (11) is arranged to cure a layer of slurry onto an object (5) being formed, and a substrate (2) is arranged to receive a predetermined amount of slurry (4) and to position the predetermined amount of slurry (4) to an exposure position associated with the exposure unit (11). The substrate (2) comprises a slurry repellant layer (3) on a surface of the substrate (2). An object holder is provided for holding the object (5) being formed, and the object holder is arranged to press the object (5) being formed towards the substrate (2) into the predetermined amount of slurry (4) until a desired thickness of the layer for a next additive manufacturing step is reached.